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NUR 4251 Quiz 1 With Complete Solutions A+ Graded
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NUR 4251 Quiz 1 With Complete Solutions A+ GradedYou need to measure correlates of poor transportation such as unemployment and an
undependable system of public transportation. What methods of data collection would
you use? - ANSWER Unemployment: Research readily available demographic data;
interview heads of major businesses and industries. Undependable public
transportation: Observe respondents, for example, on buses and subways; interview
selected informants such as bus and taxi company officials and local rescue squad
members.
You are concerned about high school dropouts within the community, yet the residents
comfort you with, "That's just the way it is here." Would you consider this a problem?
Why or why not? ANSWER A nurse might consider this a problem because the
foundational skills learned in high school are required, for example, to obtain work and
maintain a home. The nurse would be counseled, however, not to initiate
community-oriented intervention on this point if the community does not see this as a
problem. It is more productive to initiate with a mutually identified problem.
Older members of a working-class community are concerned about vandalism by
teenagers, yet the actual rate of crime by teenagers is very low. Do you think this is a
problem? Why or why not? - ANSWER It is a problem if the older people perceive it as
such. Because the vandalism is perceived to be a problem, the nurse might accept the
older residents' definition and work with them to clarify the actual problem. The problem
could be that teenagers are loitering on the street corners because job and recreational
opportunities are limited.
Briefly describe how interacting groups, lay advisors, mass media and public policy can
act as mechanisms for implementing community-focused nursing intervention. -
ANSWER Interacting groups link individuals to the larger society. Lay advisors hold
influence in the adoption and diffusion process and prove particularly helpful with late
adopters and those who resist innovation. Utilization of mass media proves effective
(time and money) and prove particularly helpful with early adopters. Public policy can
constrain individual choice for the common good and can mandate certain healthful
behaviors.
The principal of the local elementary school has noticed that many children entering
kindergarten lack required immunizations and complains to you in October that the
problem was worse this year than last. First, develop an objective to work toward
, immediately. Then generate two possible strategies to achieve your objective (one you
will adopt, and one you will rule out). Which strategy do you adopt? Justify your choice. -
ANSWER Objective: Determine the percent of children absent required preschool
vaccinations at the start of each of the last 5 years. This is required to confirm the
principal's belief. Two ways it can be done: (1) gather the data directly by accessing the
school files or (2) approach the PTA or PTO and request them to help in gathering
information. Which one to adopt: The latter will be the most appropriate because it
involves key others in a task that will make them aware of the issues as well as their
active participation in finding the solutions.
Community - ANSWER Locality-based entity composed of systems of formal
organizations reflecting institutions, informal groups and aggregates. An aggregate is a
collection of individuals who have in common one or more personal or environmental
characteristics. The components of community are interdependent, and their function is
to meet a wide variety of collective needs.
What are some common characteristics of community health? - ANSWER Status:
emotional, physical, social
Structure: services and resources in a community
Process: effective community functioning or problem solving.
What is the role of a key informant? - ANSWER Informant interviews, which are directed
talks with selected members of a community about community members or groups and
events, are basic to effective data collection. Talking to key informants is a critical part
of the community assessment. Key informants do not always have a formal title or
position but have an informal role in the community. Examples of informal key
informants are a member of the minority group who is listened to by other members of
that group, a church deacon, and a parent who is active and vocal about the school
health curriculum.
Examples of key informants include county health dept nurses or church leaders
present of a PTO, mayor or other local politicians, the mother who organized a local
chapter of Mothers Against Drunk Driving-informal leader.
What was Florence Nightingale's contribution to nursing? ANSWER Florence
Nightingale provided care for injured soldiers during the Crimean War using a
population-based care approach, established hospital nursing, and created a model of
nursing education that served as the basis for professional nursing.
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