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NUR4271 Endstage Kidney Disease & Urothelial Cancer Exam

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NUR4271 Endstage Kidney Disease & Urothelial Cancer Exam...

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  • October 22, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NUR4271 Endstage Kidney Disease &
Urothelial Cancer Exam


-Excretion of waste

-Fluid/electrolyte balance

-Acid-base balance (hormone secretion) - ANSWER Kidney function of Urine elimination:



Chronic Kidney Disease - ANSWER •15% of adults in US have disease (about 37 million
people)

•Number affected people increasing

•About 90% do not know they have the disease



-Diabetes mellitus

-Hypertension (can be the cause of CKD or CKD can be the cause of hypertension) -
ANSWER Two most common causes of CKD:



•Gradual: months to years

•Varies by stage but generally symptomatic with 75% loss

•Dialysis with 90-95% loss

•Progressive and permanent (irreversible)

•Lasts more than 3 months

•When kidney function too poor to sustain life called ESKD (ESRD)

•Treatment and lifestyle can slow progression and delay onset of ESRD

• 5 stages based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - ANSWER CKD facts:



Blood passes thru glomerulus to form a filtrate, controlled by b/p and blood flow

, Filtration rate expressed in mm/min - ANSWER Glomerular filtration rate iis when :



3, 24 - ANSWER direct measurement of a urine creatnine with a ___ hour or ___ hour
urine collection



-eGFR: 90 or greater

-Mild kidney damage - ANSWER Stage 1 CKD (eGRF rate and level of kidney damage)



-eGFR: Between 60 and 89

-Mild Kidney damage - ANSWER Stage 2 CKD (eGRF rate and level of kidney damage)



-eGFR: Between 45 and 59

-Mild to moderate kidney damage - ANSWER Stage 3A CKD (eGRF rate and level of
kidney damage)



-eGFR: Between 30 and 44

- Mild to moderate kidney damage - ANSWER Stage 3B CKD (eGRF rate and level of
kidney damage)



- eGFR: Between 15 and 29

-Moderate to severe kidney damage - ANSWER Stage 4 CKD (eGRF rate and level of
kidney damage)



-eGFR: Less than 15

-Kidneys are close to failure or have completely failed. Dialysis or kidney transplant is
needed at this stage - ANSWER Stage 5 CKD/ESKD (eGRF rate and level of kidney
damage)



Check albumin in urine ( 3 stages) which shows kidney damage

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