10/22/24, 11:55 AM 2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY VERSION A LATEST VERSION 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED ANS…
2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY VERSION A LATEST
VERSION 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS(DETAILED ANSWERS)|AGRADE
Terms in this set (100)
The health care provider Myelosuppression
prescribes carbamazepine Rationale: Myelosuppression isthe highest priority
for a child whose tonic- complication that can potentially affect clients
clonic seizures have been managed with carbamazepine therapy. The client
poorly controlled. The requires close monitoring for this condition by weekly
nurse informs the mother laboratory testing. Hepatic function may be altered,
that the child must have but this complication does not have as great a
blood tests every week. potential for occurrence as Myelosupression
The mother asks why so
many blood tests are
necessary. Which
complication is assessed
through frequent
laboratory testing that the
nurse should explain to
this mother?
A client is prescribed a Improves nerve impulse transmission
cholinesterase inhibitor,
and a family member asks Rationale: Cholinesterase inhibitors work to increase
the nurse how this the availability of acetylcholine at cholinergic
medication works. Which synapses, which aids in neuronal transmission and
pharmacophysiologic assists in memory formation.
explanation should the
nurse use to describe this
class of drug?
,10/22/24, 11:55 AM 2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY VERSION A LATEST VERSION 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED ANS…
A client is ordered 22 mg 2.2 mL
of gentamicin by IM Rationale: (22 mg/20 mg) × (x mL/2 mL) = 22x = 40 x =
injection. The drug is 2.2 mL
available in 20 mg/2 mL.
How many milliliters
should be administered?
In addition to nitrate Hypotension
therapy, a client is Rationale: Nifedipine reduces peripheral vascular
receiving nifedipine, 10 mg resistance and nitrates produce vasodilation,so
PO every 6 hours. The concurrent use of nitrates with nifedipine can cause
nurse should plan to hypotension with the initial administration of these
observe for which agents.
common side effect of this
treatment regimen?
Psychological response to inert medication
Rationale: The placebo effect is a response in the
client that is caused by the psychological impact of
Which response best
taking an inert drug that has no biochemical
supports the observations
properties. A placebo effect can be therapeutic,
that the nurse identifies in
negative, or ineffective but provides no cure or
a client who is
benefit to the client's progress. The placebo effect
experiencing a placebo
may evoke behavioral changes but does not affect
effect?
neurochemical psychotropic changes. Malingering
and drug seeking are behaviors that a client exhibits
to obtain treatment for nonexistent disorders or
obtain prescription medications.
,10/22/24, 11:55 AM 2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY VERSION A LATEST VERSION 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED ANS…
A 42-year-old client is Sodium bicarbonate
admitted to the Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate is an effective
emergency department treatment for an overdose of tricyclic
after taking an overdose antidepressantssuch as amitriptyline to reverse QRS
of amitriptyline in a suicide prolongation.
attempt. Which drug
should the nurse plan to
administer to reverse the
cardiac and central
nervous system effects of
amitriptyline?
A 67-year-old client is Take and record radial pulse rate daily.
discharged from the
hospital with a Rationale: Monitoring pulse rate is very important
prescription for digoxin, when taking digoxin. The client should be further
0.25 mg daily. Which instructed to report pulse rates <60 or >110 beats/min
instruction should the and to withhold the dosage until consulting with the
nurse include in this health care provider in such a case. Vision change is
client's discharge teaching an indication of drug toxicity, and the client should be
plan? instructed to report this immediately.
Fluphenazine decanoate
A 55-year-old client was
Rationale: Fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug that
diagnosed with
can be given IM, has a rapid onset (1 to 2 hours) and a
schizophrenia 5 years
long duration of action (up to 3 or 4 weeks), so it
earlier. Numerous
would be the drug of choice for a noncompliant
hospitalizations have
psychotic client. Chlorpromazine HCl is an
occurred since the
antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia and is
diagnosis because of
usually administered PO (IM doses are short-acting).
noncompliance with the
The client must be compliant in taking this drug for it
prescribed medication
to be effective. Lithium carbonate is most effective
regimen. Which drug
with manic and depressive bipolar affective disorders.
might work best for this
Diazepam is an anti-anxiety drug and would not be
particular client?
effective for a psychotic disorder.
, 10/22/24, 11:55 AM 2024 HESI PHARMACOLOGY VERSION A LATEST VERSION 2024 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(DETAILED ANS…
Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day
A client is being
discharged with a Rationale: Adequate hydration is important for all sulfa
prescription for drugs because they can crystallize in the urine. If
sulfasalazine to treat possible, the drug should be taken after eating to
ulcerative colitis. Which provide longer intestinal transit time. Maintaining
instruction should the good oral hygiene is important for other medications,
nurse provide to this client such as phenytoin, because of the incidence of
prior to discharge? gingival hyperplasia, Discontinue use of the drug
gradually is important for steroid administration.
Amoxicillin, 500 mg PO 20 mL
every 8 hours, is Rationale: 500 mg/x mL = 125 mg/5 mL 125x = 2500 x =
prescribed for a client 20 mL
with an infection. The drug
is available in a suspension
of 125 mg/5 mL. How
many milliliters should the
nurse administer with each
dose?
A client with acute Reduction or elimination of nausea and vomiting
lymphocytic leukemia isto Rationale: Ondansetron is a type 3 receptor (5-HT3)
begin chemotherapy antagonist that isrecognized for improved control of
today. The health care acute nausea and vomiting associated with
provider's prescription chemotherapy. 5-HT3 antagonists are most effective
specifies that ondansetron when administered IV prior to the induction of the
is to be administered IV 30 chemotherapeutic agent(s).
minutes prior to the
infusion of cisplatin. What
is the rationale for
administering Zofran prior
to the chemotherapy
induction?
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