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NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) ANTIHYPERTENSIVES | COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
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NUR 325 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) ANTIHYPERTENSIVES | COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
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NUR 325 Antihypertensives1. what increases as BP increases?
Answer
risk of MI, heart failure, stroke, renal disease, retinopathy
2. what is a normal SBP and DBP?
Answer
<120 and <80
3. what is a elevated SBP and DBP?
Answer
120-129 and <80
4. what is hypertension stage 1 SBP and DBP?
Answer
130-139 or 80-89
5. what is hypertension stage 2 SBP and DBP?
Answer
>140 or >90
6. what is blood pressure?
Answer
force exerted by blood against walls of blood vessels
7. why is blood pressure important?
Answer
to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest
8. BP =
,Answer
CO x SVR
9. what affects cardiac output?
Answer
heart rate, contractility, conductivity, renin-an- giotensin-aldosterone system, natriuretic
peptides
10. what affects systemic vascular resistance?
Answer
prostaglandins, nitric oxide, an- giotensin, norepinephrine, endothelia, alpha1 and alpha2-
adrenergic receptors, beta2-adrenergic receptors
11. what are the risk factors for hypertension?
Answer
age, alcohol use, tobacco use, diabetes, elevated serum lipids, excess dietary sodium, gender,
family history, obesity, ethnicity, sedentary lifestyle, socioeconomic status, stress
12. why is hypertension called the "silent killer"?
Answer
asymptomatic until severe and target organ disease occurs
13. what are the clinical manifestations of hypertension?
Answer
fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, angina, dyspnea
14. where do target organ diseases occur most frequently?
Answer
heart and brain
15. what are target organ diseases of the heart?
Answer
, coronary artery disease, ath- erosclerosis
16. what are target organ diseases of the brain?
Answer
TIA/stroke, atherosclerosis, hypertensive encephalopathy
17. what lifestyle modifications should be made for hypertension?
Answer
weight reduction, sodium restriction, DASH diet, alcohol restriction, 30 minutes of exercise 5
days a week, smoking cessation
18. how does weight reduction affect blood pressure?
Answer
for every 1 kg of weight lost, BP will decrease by 1 mmHg
19. how should sodium be restricted for hypertension?
Answer
<2300 mg of Na/day
20. what is the DASH diet?
Answer
fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, nuts, fish, poultry
21. how should alcohol be restricted for hypertension?
Answer
1 drink daily for women, 2 drinks daily for men
22. what should be taught to clients with hypertension?
Answer
take medication as prescribed, take BP and HR before each dose, monitor daily weight, start at
low
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