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NR 325 - FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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NR 325 - FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE NR 325 - FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE NR 325 - FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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NR 325 - FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDEBREAST CANCER SCREENING GUIDELINES - CORRECT ANS regular screening mammography starting at
age 45 years.
Women aged 45 to 54 years should be screened annually.
Women 55 years and older should transition to biennial screening or have the opportunity to continue
screening annually.
continue screening mammography as long as overall health is good and life expectancy is 10 years or
longer
THE BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION - CORRECT ANS lie down and place one arm behind the head
use finger pads of three middle fingers of the other hand to feel for lumps
use overlapping dime-sized circular motions to feel the breast tissue
use three different levels of pressure
up-and-down vertical pattern is recommended
stand in a front a mirror; examine breasts for:
- shape
- size
- redness/scaliness
,- dimpling (skin/nipple)
MASTITIS - CORRECT ANS inflammation of the breast
occurs in up to 10% of postpartum lactating mothers 2-4 weeks after birth
MASTITIS - CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS - CORRECT ANS warm to touch
indurated/painful
often unilateral
most commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus
BEST TIME TO PERFORM SELF BREAST EXAM (BSE) - CORRECT ANS Perform BSE at the end of the
menstrual period
breast tenderness is less likely to occur
RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER - CORRECT ANS early menarche
late menopause
Age - at or older than 50 yrs
hormone use
,Family history/Genetics
History of cancer (breast, colon, endometrial, ovarian)
First full term pregnancy after age 30
nulliparity (never given birth)
benign breast disease (atypical epithelial hyperplasia)
weight gain/obesity after menopause
exposure to ionizing radiation
alcohol consumption
ADVANTAGE OF FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION (FNA) BIOPSY - CORRECT ANS FNA is performed in outpatient
settings
results are available within 24-48 hours
no incision required
BREAST LUMPS - ASSESSMENT - CORRECT ANS *painless* and *fixed* lumps suggest breast
cancer/malignancy
, HORMONE THERAPY (HT) - CORRECT ANS *HT has been linked to increased risk for breast cancer*;
patient and HCP must determine whether or not HT therapy is appropriate
*Breast cancer incidence is increased in women using HT*, independent of other risk factors
HT increases the risk for both non-BRCA-associated cancer and BRCA-related cancers
CLASSIFICATION OF BREAST CANCER - CORRECT ANS based on tissue type
based on invasiveness
based on hormone receptor and genetic status
CLASSIFICATION OF BREAST CANCER - BASED ON ON TISSUE TYPE - CORRECT ANS Ductal carcinoma
(milk ducts)
- Medullary
- Tubular
- Colloid (mucinous)
Lobular carcinoma (milk-producing glands)
Other
- Inflammatory
- Paget's disease
- Phyllodes tumor
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