10/21/24, 5:34 PM Med-Surg Exit HESI/MED SURG HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BANK LATEST 2024-2025 WITH RATIONALES, COMPLETE GUI…
Med-Surg Exit HESI/MED SURG HESI EXIT
EXAM TEST BANK LATEST 2024-2025 WITH
RATIONALES, COMPLETE GUIDE./GET IT A+
Terms in this set (103)
PO2 > 80 mm Hg; PCO2 35-45 mm Hg; HCO3 21-28
Monitor ABGs
mEq/L; pH 7.35-7.45
Airway destruction
Chronic sputum with cough production on a daily
basis for a minimum of 3 months in 2 consecutive
years
Reduced responsiveness of respiratory center to
hypoxemia stimuli
Precipitating factor: higher incidence in smokers
"Blue bloaters" - generalized cyanosis of lips,
Chronic bronchitis
mucous membranes, face, and nail beds
Right-sided heart failure (distended neck veins,
crackles)
Lowest FiO2 possible to prevent CO2 retention
Monitor for fluid overload
Maintain PO2 between 55 and 60
Administer bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory
agents
,10/21/24, 5:34 PM Med-Surg Exit HESI/MED SURG HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BANK LATEST 2024-2025 WITH RATIONALES, COMPLETE GUI…
Alveoli destruction
Increased air trapping (increased AP diameter)
Increased work, increased O2 consumption
Precipitating factor: cigarette smoking
"Pink puffers"
Emphysema Barrel chest, pursed-lip breathing, wheezing
Lowest FiO2 possible to prevent CO2 retention
Administer bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory
agents
Teach prolonged expiratory phase to clear trapped
air
Unlike COPD, asthma is an intermittent disease with
Asthma
reversible airflow obstruction and wheezing
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Characterized by bronchospasm and dyspnea
Compensation occurs over time in clients with
chronic lung disease and ABGs are altered
COPD The amount of O2 in the blood decreased
(hypoxemia) and the amount of CO2 in the blood
increases (hypercapnia) causing chronic respiratory
acidosis, which results in metabolic alkalosis as
compensation
Altered LOC
Depressed or absent gag and cough reflexes
Susceptible to aspirating oropharyngeal secretions
Clients at risk for (alcoholics, anesthetized individuals)
pneumonia Brain injury
Drug overdose
Stroke victims
Immunocompromised
, 10/21/24, 5:34 PM Med-Surg Exit HESI/MED SURG HESI EXIT EXAM TEST BANK LATEST 2024-2025 WITH RATIONALES, COMPLETE GUI…
Airborne precautions*****
Symptoms: fever with night sweats, anorexia, weight
loss, malaise, fatigue, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea,
pleuritic chest pain with inspiration, positive sputum
culture, repeated upper respiratory infection
Client may return to work after 3 negative sputum
cultures
Place client in respiratory isolation while
hospitalized (mask for anyone entering room;
private room; client wears mask if leaving room)
Isoniazid (INH): metabolism primarily by liver and
Tuberculosis
excretion by kidneys; increased phenytoin (Dilantin)
levels
Rifampin (Rifadin): used in conjugation with at least
one other antitubercular agent; suppression of
effect of birth control fills; orange body secretions;
increases metabolism of digoxin and oral
hypoglycemics
Ethambutol: vision check before starting therapy
and monthly thereafter
Pyrazinamide
Rifapentine
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