Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 8 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
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Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 8
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Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 8
Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 8 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is biotechnology? - Answers The use of microorganismsto make practical products
What is recombinant DNA technology? Describe the process. - Answers Technique that allows DNA to be combined from different sources;...
Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 8 Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is biotechnology? - Answers The use of microorganismsto make practical products
What is recombinant DNA technology? Describe the process. - Answers Technique that allows DNA to be
combined from different sources; also called gene or DNA splicing. Recombinant DNA is an important
technique for many gene-cloning applications.
1) Isolate plasmid: probe is used to isolate the gene of interest
2) Enzymatically cleave DNA into fragments: restriction enzyme that can locate and cut the gene from
the DNA segment, cuts an opening in the recipient DNA (usually a plasmid) where the donor DNA can be
attached
3) Isolate fragment w/ gene of interest: DNA ligase attaches donor and recipient DNA, forming a
recombinant DNA molecule
4) Insert gene into plasmid: recombinant DNA molecule is inserted into host cell
5) Insert plasmid & gene into bacterium
6) Culture bacteria
What are the three main goals of recombinant DNA technology? Give examples of each. - Answers 1)
eliminate undesirable phenotypic traits in humans, animals, plants, and microbes (e.g. pest-resistant
plants, cures for genetic disorders)
2) to combine beneficial traits of two or more organisms to create valuable new organisms
3) to create organisms that can synthesize products that humans need (e.g., produce vaccines,
antibiotics, hormones, or enzymes)
, What are the 5 tools required for recombinant DNA technology? Give an example and describe the
importance of each tool. - Answers 1. Mutagens: physical & chemical agents that produce mutations.
Use to create changes in microbes' genomes so that the microbes phenotypes are changed
2. Reverse Transcriptase: uses RNA template to transcribe a molecule of DNA (i.e. cDNA--> RNA)
3. Synthetic nucleic acids: used as DNA probes, primers, and antisense RNAs
4. Restriction enzymes: Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA molecules only at restriction sites (usually
palindromes)
-Normally protect bacteria from phage by chopping up its DNA
5. Vectors: Nucleic acid molecules that deliver a gene into a cell.
What are synthetic nucleic acids? Describe the 4 uses of synthetic nucleic acids? - Answers -Molecules of
DNA and RNA produced in cell-free solutions (in vitro)
1. explains the genetic code: to understand genetic code & amino acid sequence of a protein
2. Create genes for specific proteins: (e.g. synthesize a gene for human insulin)
3. Synthesize DNA & RNA probes to locate specific sequences of nucleotides: using synthetic nucleic
acids and radioactive chemicals (probes) for detecting genetic sequences
Why do scientists use mutations? - Answers -Change phenotypes by changing genome
-Select for and culture cells w/beneficial characteristics (more potent penicillin )
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