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PHMD 6020 important facts Only Final Exam
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PHMD 6020 important facts Only Final Exam...
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PHMD 6020 important facts Only Final ExamRule of 3's for typical thoracic vertebrae - ANSWER The thoracic vertebrae change in
three's (T1-3 are similar, T4-6 are similar, T7-9 are similar, etc.)
T1-T5 sympathetic ganglia innervate the viscera and soma _________________ the
diaphragm. - ANSWER above
______________ sympathetic ganglia innervate the viscera and soma below the
diaphragm. - ANSWER T6-T12
Typical vertebrae of T1-3 - ANSWER spinous processes project almost straight
posteriorly
Typical vertebrae of T4-6 - ANSWER the tips of the SP's are at the disc below the
vertebrae
Typical vertebrae of T7-9 - ANSWER tips of the SP's are at the body of the vertebrae
below
T10 is similar to - ANSWER T9
T11 - ANSWER similar to T6
T12 - ANSWER similar to T3
Gibbus - ANSWER "hump back". hyperkyphosis. younger pts, sharp angulation.
common sequelae to Scheuermannn's disease (fixed kyphosis of unknown origin, seen
, near puberty). also seen as result of compression fracture (anteriorly)
Round back - ANSWER fixed flexion deformity of the spine overall. common sequelae to
ankylosing spondylitis (bamboo spine on x-ray)
Dowagers hump - ANSWER "buffalo hump" hyperkyphosis secondary to osteoporosis.
less angulated than gibbous. more common in women. consider if pt has been using
steroids long-term.
Pottenger's saucering - ANSWER reverse kyphosis seen between T2-T6
Scoliosis - ANSWER lateral curvature of spine. typically destabilizing. Use Adam's sign-
if curvature disappears, scoliosis is functional vs structural.
dextro - ANSWER right
levo - ANSWER left
cervical vertebral facet angulation - ANSWER 45^, allows for rotation
thoracic vertebral facet angulation - ANSWER 60^
lumbar vertebral facet angulation - ANSWER 90^
visual diagnosis of scoliosis - ANSWER high shoulder or hip; prominent shoulder blade;
lateral curvature; adam's sign
average age of idiopathic scoliosis - ANSWER 11-15 years old
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