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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 01 Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
Chapter 02 Theory, Research, and Evidence-Based Practice.
Chapter 03 Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities.
Chapter 04 Health of the Individual, Family, Community, and Environment.
Chapter 05 Culturally Respectful Care.
Chapter 06 Values, Ethics, and Advocacy .
Chapter 07 Legal Dimensions of Nursing Practice.
Chapter 08 Communication .
Chapter 09 Teaching and Counseling.
Chapter 10 Leading, Managing, and Delegating .
Chapter 11 Health Care Delivery System .
Chapter 12 Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Care Coordination Across Settings .
Chapter 13 Blended Competencies, Clinical Reasoning, and Processes of Person-Centered Care .
Chapter 14 Clinical Judgment .
Chapter 15 Assessing .
Chapter 16 Diagnosis-Problem Identification .
Chapter 17 Outcome Identification and Planning .
Chapter 18 Implementing
Chapter 19 Evaluating .
Chapter 20 Documenting and Reporting
Chapter 21 Informatics and Health Care Technologies .
Chapter 22 Developmental Concepts .
Chapter 23 Conception Through Young Adulthood .
Chapter 24 Middle and Older Adulthood .
Chapter 25 Asepsis and Infection Control .
Chapter 26 Vital Signs .
Chapter 27 Health Assessment .
Chapter 28 Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness .
Chapter 29 Complementary and Integrative Health .
Chapter 30 Medications .
Chapter 31 Perioperative Nursing .
Chapter 32 Hygiene .
Chapter 33 Skin Integrity and Wound Care .
Chapter 34 Activity
Chapter 35 Rest and Sleep
Chapter 36 Comfort and Pain Management
Chapter 37 Nutrition
Chapter 38 Urinary Elimination
Chapter 39 Bowel Elimination
Chapter 40 Oxygenation and Perfusion
Chapter 41 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
Chapter 42 Self-Concept
Chapter 43 Stress and Adaptation
Chapter 44 Loss, Grief, and Dying
Chapter 45 Sensory Functioning
Chapter 46 Sexuality
Chapter 47 Spirituality
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Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing
An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a master’s degree is
considered to be an expert in her area of practice and works on an oncology unit in a large teaching hospital. Based upon
this description, which of the following career roles best describes this nurse’s role, taking into account her
1. qualifications and experience?
A) Clinical nurse specialist
B) Nurse entrepreneur
C) Nurse practitioner
D) Nurse educator
CORRECT ANSWER>> A
RATIONALE>>
A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or experience who is considered to be an expert
in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical nurse specialist carries out direct patient care; consultation; teaching of
patients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings
to deliver primary care. A nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical
setting. A nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a
2. plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes?
A) Nursing process
B) ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C) Evidence-based practice guidelines
D) Nurse Practice Acts
CORRECT ANSWER>> A
RATIONALE>>
The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice. Nurses implement their roles through the nursing
process. The nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to establish
and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established
outcomes.
Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to determine whether an
3. action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A) American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C) National League for Nursing (NLN)
D) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
CORRECT ANSWER>> A
RATIONALE>>
The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities specific and unique
to nursing. The AACN addresses educational standards, while the NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing.
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The ICN provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define standards and scope of
practice.
4. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A) Dorothea Dix
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Clara Barton
CORRECT ANSWER>> C
RATIONALE>>
Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. She elevated the status of nursing to a
respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded modern nursing education. Although the other
choices are women who were important to the development of nursing, none of them is considered the founder.
5. Which of the following nursing pioneers established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
C) Dorothea Dix
D) Jane Addams
CORRECT ANSWER>> B
RATIONALE>>
Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the civil war, served as the supervisor of
nurses for the Army of the James, organized hospitals and nurses, and established the Red Cross in the United States in
1882.
A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with Down Syndrome. The nurse
6. makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is an example of which nursing role?
A) Teacher/Educator
B) Leader
C) Counselor
D) Collaborator
CORRECT ANSWER>> C
RATIONALE>>
Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal communication skills to provide information, make
appropriate referrals, and facilitate the patient’s problem-solving and decision-making skills. The teacher/educator uses
communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients
and their families. A leader displays an assertive, self-confident practice of nursing when providing care, effecting
change, and functioning with groups. The collaborator uses skills in organization, communication, and advocacy to
facilitate the functions of all members of the health care team as they provide patient care.
A nurse is providing nursing care in a neighborhood clinic to single, pregnant teens. Which of the following actions is
7. the best example of using the counselor role as a nurse?
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