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Pathophysiology 9th Edition Mccance Test Bank
Pathophysiology 9th Edition Mccance Test Bank
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,Chapter j1: jCellular jBiologyMULTIPLE jCHOICE
1. Which jcomponent jof jthe jcell jprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CeO
njM
peroxide j(H2O2) jby jusing joxygen
j to jremove jhydrogen jatoms jfrom jspecific jsubstrates jin jan joxidative jreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. j Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: j B
Peroxisomes jare jso jnamed jbecause jthey jusually jcontain jenzymes jthat juse joxygen jto
jremove jhydrogen jatoms jfrom jspecific jsubstrates jin jan joxidative jreaction jthat jproduces
jH2O2, jwhich jis ja jpowerful joxidant jand jpotentially jdestructive jif jit jaccumulates jor
jescapes jfrom jperoxisomes. jRibosomes jare jRNA-protein jcomplexes j(nucleoproteins)
jthat jare jsynthesized jin jthe jnucleolus jand jsecreted jinto jthe jcytoplasm jthrough jpores jin
jthe jnuclear jenvelope jcalled jnuclear jpore jcomplexes. jLysosomes jare jsaclike jstructures
jthat joriginate jfrom jthe jGolgi jcomplex jand jcontain jmore jthan j40 jdigestive jenzymes
jcalled jhydrolases, jwhich jcatalyze jbonds jin jproteins, jlipids, jnucleic jacids, jand
jcarbohydrates. jOxyhydrosomesjare jinvolved jin jenzyme jproduction.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j8
2. Which jstatement jbest jdescribes jthe jcellular jfunction jof jmetabolic jabsorption?
a. Cells jcan jproduce jproteins. c. Cells jcan jtake jin jand juse jnutrients.
b. Cells jcan jsecrete jdigestive jenzymes. d. j Cells jcan jsynthesize jfats.
ANS: j C
In jmetabolic jabsorption, jall jcells jtake jin jand juse jnutrients jand jother jsubstances jfrom
jtheirjsurroundings. jThe jremaining joptions jare jnot jinclusive jin jtheir jdescriptions jof jcellular
jmetabolic jabsorption.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j2
3. Most jof ja jcell’s jgenetic jinformation, jincluding jRNA jand jDNA, jis jcontained jin jthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. j j j Lysosome
ANS: j C
The jnucleus jcontains jthe jnucleolus, ja jsmall jdense jstructure jcomposed jlargely jof
jRNA, jmost jof jthe jcellular jDNA, jand jthe jDNA-binding jproteins, jsuch jas jthe jhistones,
jwhich jregulate jits jactivity. jThe jother joptions jdo jnot jcontain jmost jof ja jcell’s jgenetic
jinformation.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j2
4. Which jcell jcomponent jis jcapable jof jcellular jautodigestion jwhen jit jis jreleased jduring
jcelljinjury?
a. Ribosome c. Smooth jendoplasmic jreticulum
b. Golgi jcomplex d.
jLysosomesjANS: j D
, The jlysosomal jmembrane jacts jas ja jprotective jshield jbetween jthe jpowerful jdigestive
jenzymes jwithin jthe jlysosome jand jthe jcytoplasm, jpreventing jtheir jleakage jinto jthe
jcytoplasmic jmatrix. jDisruption jof jthe jmembrane jby jvarious jtreatments jor jcellular
jinjury jleads jto ja jrelease jof jthe jlysosomal jenzymes, jwhich jcan jthen jreact jwith jtheir
jspecific jsubstrates, jcausing jcellular jself-digestion. jThe jother joptions jdo jnot jcorrectly
jdescribe jthisjprocess.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: jPages j7-8
5. What jis jthe jsequence jof jsteps jin jthe jdevelopment j of ja jdigestive jenzyme jby jthe
jpancreasjcells jfrom jthe jinitial jtranscription jto jthe jrelease jfrom jthe jcell?
a. The jenzyme jis jtranscribed jfrom jDNA jby jRNA jin jthe jnucleus, jproceeds jto
jthejribosome jfor jsynthesis, jand jis jtransported jin ja jsecretory jvesicle jto jthe
jcell jmembrane.
b. The jenzyme jis jtranscribed jfrom jRNA jby jDNA jin jthe jnucleus, jproceeds jto jthe
jlysosome jfor jsynthesis, jand jis jtransported jin jan jencapsulated jmembrane jto jthe
jcelljmembrane.
c. The jenzyme jis jtranscribed jby jthe jmitochondria jin jthe jnucleus, jproceeds jto jthe
jribosome jfor jsynthesis, jand jis jtransported jin ja jcytoskeleton jto jthe jcell
jmembrane.
d. The jenzyme jis jtranscribed jfrom jDNA jby jRNA jin jthe jnucleus, jproceeds jto jthe
jGolgi jcomplex jfor jsynthesis, jand jis jtransported jin ja jcytosol jto jthe jcell
jmembrane.
ANS: j A
The jenzyme jis jtranscribed jfrom jDNA jby jRNA jin jthe jnucleus, jproceeds jto jthe
jribosomejfor jsynthesis, jand jis jtransported jin ja jsecretory jvesicle jto jthe jcell jmembrane.
jThe jother joptions jdo jnot jcorrectly jdescribe jthis jprocess.
NURSINGTB.COM
PTS: j j j 1 REF: jPage j7 j| jFigure j1-5
6. During jwhich jphase jof jthe jcell jcycle jis jDNA jsynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. j M
ANS: j B
The jfour jdesignated jphases jof jthe jcell jcycle jare: j(1) jthe jG1 jphase j(G j= jgap), jwhich jis
jthe jperiod jbetween jthe jM jphase j(M j= jmitosis) jand jthe jstart jof jDNA jsynthesis; j(2) jthe
jS jphasej(S j= jsynthesis), jduring jwhich jDNA jis jsynthesized jin jthe jcell jnucleus; j(3) jthe
jG2 jphase, jduring jwhich jRNA jand jprotein jsynthesis joccurs, jthe jperiod jbetween jthe
jcompletion jof jDNA jsynthesis jand jthe jnext jphase j(M); jand j(4) jthe jM jphase, jwhich
jincludes jnuclear jand jcytoplasmic jdivision.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j37
7. What jorganic jcompound jfacilitates jtransportation jacross jcell jmembranes jby jacting
jasjreceptors, jtransport jchannels jfor jelectrolytes, jand jenzymes jto jdrive jactive
jpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d. j Carbohydrates
ANS: j C
, Proteins jact jas j(1) jrecognition jand jbinding junits j(receptors) jfor jsubstances jmoving jin
jandjout jof jthe jcell; j(2) jpores jor jtransport jchannels jfor jvarious jelectrically jcharged
jparticles jcalled jions jor jelectrolytes jand jspecific jcarriers jfor jamino jacids jand
jmonosaccharides; jand
(3) jspecific jenzymes jthat jdrive jactive jpumps jthat jpromote jthe jconcentration jof
jcertainjions, jparticularly jpotassium j(K+), jwithin jthe jcell jwhile jkeeping
jconcentrations jof jotherjions, jfor jexample, jsodium j(Na+), jbelow jthe jconcentrations
jfound jin jthe jextracellular jenvironment. jThe jother joptions jdo jnot jcorrectly jdescribe
jthis jprocess.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j13 j| jPage j15
8. Understanding jthe jvarious jsteps jof jproteolytic jcascades, jsuch jas jcaspase-mediated
japoptosis jand jcomplement jcascades, jmay jbe juseful jin jdesigning jdrug jtherapy jfor
jwhichjhuman jdiseases?
a. Cardiac jand jvascular jdisorders
b. Autoimmune jand jmalignant jdisorders
c. Gastrointestinal jand jrenal jdisorders
d. Endocrine jand jgastrointestinal jdisorders
ANS: j B
Understanding jthe jvarious jsteps jinvolved jin jthis jprocess jis jcrucial jfor jdesigning
jdrug jinterventions. jDysregulation jof jproteases jfeatures j prominently jin jmany jhuman
jdiseases,jincluding jcancer, jautoimmunity, jand jneurodegenerative jdisorders. jThe jother
joptions jdojnot jcorrectly jdescribe jthis jprocess.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: j Page j15
9. Which jstructure jprevents jwater-soluble jmolecules jfrom jentering jcells jacross jthe
jplasmaj NURSINGTB.COM
membrane?
a. Carbohydrate jchains c. Membrane jchannel jproteins
b. Glycoprotein jchannels d. j Lipid jbilayer
ANS: j D
The jbilayer’s jstructure jaccounts jfor jone jof jthe jessential jfunctions jof jthe jplasma
jmembrane. jIt jis jimpermeable jto jmost jwater-soluble jmolecules j(molecules jthat jdissolve
jinjwater) jbecause jthe jwater-soluble jmolecules jare jinsoluble jin jthe joily jcore jregion.
jThe jbilayer jserves jas ja jbarrier jto jthe jdiffusion jof jwater jand jhydrophilic jsubstances
jwhile jallowing jlipid-soluble jmolecules, jsuch jas joxygen j(O2) jand jcarbon jdioxide
j(CO2), jto jdiffuse jthrough jit jreadily. j The jother joptions jdo jnot jcorrectly jdescribe jthis
jprocess.
PTS: j j j 1 REF: jPages j12-13
10. The jfluid jmosaic jmodel jexplains:
a. How ja jcell jmembrane jfunctions
b. Why jour jbodies jappear jto jbe jsolid
c. How jtissue jis jdifferentiated
d. How jfluid jmoves jbetween jthe jintracellular jand jextracellular jcompartments
ANS: j A
The jfluid jmosaic jmodel jaccounts jfor jthe jflexibility jof jcellular jmembranes, jtheir
self-sealing jproperties, jand jtheir jimpermeability jto jmany jsubstances. jThe
jremainingjoptions jdo jnot jexplain jthe jmosaic jmodel.
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