AP Euro Chapter 2 - Renaissance and Discovery Exam Questions and Answers
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AP Euro Chapter 2 - Renaissance and Discovery
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AP Euro Chapter 2 - Renaissance And Discovery
AP Euro Chapter 2 - Renaissance and Discovery
Why did Renaissance society first begin in merchant cities in Italy? - Answer-- Italy is the gateway btwn the east and west
- Italians are willing to spend a lot of money on art
- Italian merchants had developed skills in bookkeeping, organizing, d...
AP Euro Chapter 2 - Renaissance and
Discovery
Why did Renaissance society first begin in merchant cities in Italy? - Answer-- Italy is
the gateway btwn the east and west
- Italians are willing to spend a lot of money on art
- Italian merchants had developed skills in bookkeeping, organizing, developing new
markets, securing monopolies
- there were "banking families" and Italian banking and international trade interests
created lots of money
Effects of the Black Plague - Answer-- population decreases which leads to
economic depression
- the extreme loss of life leads to an abundance of goods
- the abundance of goods leads to a decrease in prices and therefore a surplus of
jobs and rise in wages
- the need for paid workers results in movement away from feudalism and develops
a working class
Medicis - Answer-- Italian banking family stationed in Florence who used wealth
gained from banking to establish themselves as the "behind-the-scenes" rulers of the
Florentine Republic
Ciompi Revolt in Florence in 1378 - Answer-- was an uprising of the poor bc life was
unbearable for them
- 1378 the "popolo" (urban underclass) express their dissatisfaction with political and
economic order by staging a violent struggle against gov't
- this revolt results in a brief period where poor established control over gov't
Humanism - Answer-- was a response to challenges of Scholasticism
- a liberal arts program of study that embraced grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history,
philosophy, and politics based on the works of Greek and Roman authors/literature
- meant to start moving ppl away from religion and focus on bettering themselves
Scholasticism - Answer-- was a method of thought centered around academics
based on Aristotle's ideas of logic
- there was a strong emphasis on tradition and commonly excepted principles of faith
and morality
- this method of thought was meant to reiterate works of religion
Francesco Petrarch - Answer-- the father of humanism and man who coined the term
"dark ages" to denote what he thought was the cultural decline that took place after
the collapse of the Roman Republic
-was influenced by works of Cicero who was an important politician and philosopher
whose writings provide an account of the collapse of the Roman Republic
, Dante Alighieri - Answer-- wrote Vita Nuova and Divine Comedy which formed
vernacular Italian literature
Baldassare Castiglione - Answer-- wrote Book of the Courtier, which was a practical
guide for nobility at court of Urbino
- the book embodies the highest ideals of Italian humanism and describes the ideal
man of this age, Castiglione thought the educated man of the upper class should
have a broad background in many academic subjects
Giovanni Boccaccio - Answer-- he was a pioneer of humanist studies, wrote the
Decameron which takes place during the time of the plague in Florence, this work
exposes sexual and economic misconduct and a sympathetic look on human
behavior
Christine de Pisan - Answer-- the "first feminist"
- an educated noblewoman who promoted new education and culture at royal courts
- her most famous work was The Treasure of the City of Ladies which was a
chronicle of the accomplishments of women in history (it was known as the
Renaissance woman's survival guide), it gave advice to artisan wives
Florentine Academy - Answer-- greek scholars go to Florence for refuge when
Constantinople falls to turks
- Cosimo de Medici is the patron of this Florentine Platonic Academy where they
practice Platonism
- this academy was an informal gathering of influential Florentine humanists devoted
to the revival of works of Plato and Neoplatonists
Platonism - Answer-- philosophy of Plato that proposes preexistent ideal forms of
which all earthly things are imperfect models
Pico della Mirandola - Answer-- wrote Oration on the Dignity of Man which was the
most famous Renaissance statement on the nature of humankind
- he was an Italian humanist whose oration depicted humans to be the only creatures
in the world who possess the freedom to do and be whatever they choose
Albert Durer - Answer-- painted the most famous self-portrait of the European
renaissance and reformation
- famous for his wood carvings
Lorenzo Valla - Answer-- hero to late Protestant reformers
- wrote Donation of Constantine
- defended predestination against advocate of free will
- he realized that languages can tell a history of their own
Civic Humanism - Answer-- when humanists believe education should promote
individual virtue and self-sacrificing public service
- civic humanists were inspired by Petrarch's work and these ppl studied classical
Greek
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