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NUR 220 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) ONCOLOGY 4 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 220 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) ONCOLOGY 4 | COMPLETE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (SOLVED) 100% CORRECT
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NUR 220 Oncology 41. what is another name for cancer
Answer
neoplasm ir oncology
2. what happens to the cells in cancer
Answer
uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells
3. what does proliferation mean
Answer
growth
4. when does cell proliferation occur
Answer
new cells grow as old cells die, and they grow when the body needs more cells
5. what is contact inhibition in regards to normal cell growth
Answer
contact inhibition is a regulatory mechanisms that functions to keep cells growing in a layer
one cell thick
6. how does proliferation occur in each body tissue
Answer
proliferation differs in different tissues - bone marrow is different than hair follicles or heart
lining, etc.
7. what happens in the mitosis phase of cell growth
Answer
cells split or divide
,8. what is different versus cancer cells and regular cells
Answer
they grow at the same rate, but cancer cells divide haphazardly and can cause tumors/growths
due to growing in more layers than regular cells
9. what is an oncogene
Answer
mutated forms of genes that turn normal cells in to cancer cells
10. What is a proto oncogene?
Answer
these control how often cells divide and to the degree of which it differentiates - *like a gas
pedal in a car*
11. what is differentiation
Answer
process where cells *change* from one cell type to another - *cell no longer looks like parent
cell*
12. what are tumor suppressive genes
Answer
these slow down cell division - they keep a cell from dividing too quickly and becoming cancer
cells *like a brake pedal in a car*
13. what does the P53 gene indicate
Answer
tumor marker than could be bladder, breast, colorectal, liver, lung, ovarian or esophageal cancer
14. what does the BRCA1, BRCA2 gene indicate
Answer
breast and ovarian cancer
15. what does the APC gene indicate
, Answer
colorectal cancer
16. what can we compare the proto oncogene and tumor suppressive genes to
Answer
a checks and balance system - protooncogene = growth, tumor suppressive gene = slowing
growth
17. describe a benign tumor
Answer
encapsulated tumor, grows slowly, well differentiated (looks like parent cell), can be locally
destructive but not metastasis - i.e. lipoma *this is better than malignant*
18. describe a malignant tumor
Answer
there is no capsule so its not contained, often causes necrosis/hemorrhage, can invade other
tissues - these love blood supply and usually poorly differentiated- can metastasize
19. what are the 3 stages of cancer development
Answer
initiation, promotion, progres- sion
20. describe the initiation phase of cancer development
Answer
this is the start of cancer - cell mutation begins. can be inherited or following exposure to
chemical, radiation, or virus
21. describe the promotion phase of cancer development
Answer
these promote growth of cancer - can be *reversible* - if we stop promoting agents we may be
able to prevent cancer
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