WHat the body does to the drug; absorption,
Pharmacokinetics
distribution, metabolism, excretion
Pharmacodynamics the effect the drug has on the body
Labs used to determine BUN, creatinine, GFR
renal function
Labs used to determine ALT and AST
hepatic function
the phenomenon where the concentration of a drug
First-Pass effect is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic
circulation due to liver absorption
the time required for the quantity of an item to reach
Half-Life
half of its initial value
decreased responsiveness to a drug over the
Tolerance
course of therapy
highly selective semi-permiable membrance that
Blood-Brain barrier seperates circulating blood from the brain's extra-
cellular fluid
How many schedules of 5
controlled substances
are there?
high potential for abuse, no medically acceptable
Schedule 1
uses
high potential for abuse but has medically accepted
Schedule 2
uses: opioids, stimulants
medically acceptable, potential for abuse is less
Schedule 3
than schedule 1 or 2, may cause some dependance
medically acceptable, may cause dependance:
Schedule 4
phenobarbital, benzodiazepines
Which schedule cannot schedule 2
be refilled
Chemical name the drug's chemical structure
Generic name non proprietary name for a drug
Brand Name the trademarked proprietary name of a drug
Pregnancy Category A low risk, no known risk to women or fetus
Animal studies show no risk, no human trial
Pregnancy Category B
performed
Animal studies show risk to fetus, no human trial
Pregnancy Category C
performed
Pregnancy Category D Harm to fetus is known
known to be harmful to mother and fetus,
Pregnancy Category X
contraindicated
Additive drug effect 1+1=2 the sum of the effects of the two drugs
1+1=3, sum is greater than individual drug effects
Synergistic drug effect
parts
1+1=1, two or more drugs in combination hamper or
Antagonistic drug effect
eliminate the effect of the other
1994 DSHEA act: herbal supplements can be
Requirements for herbal marketed with a suggested dosage; premarket
supplements testing for safety is not reuired; effects can be listed
but no claim to treat or cure can be made
Aloe Vera minor skin irritation, powerful laxitive
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