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NUR 1006 Med-Surg Electrolytes Exam Questions And Answers
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NUR 1006 Med-Surg Electrolytes Exam Questions And AnswersWhat is the main function of calcium? - ANSWER Keeps bones, blood, and heart beat
strong
What are the clinical manifestations of hypocalcemia? - ANSWER Tetany, fractures,
diarrhea, chvostek's & trousseau's sign, paresthesias, bronchospasm, long QT interval
What is tetany? - ANSWER muscle spasms
What is Chvostek's sign? - ANSWER Twitching of the facial muscles in response to
tapping over the facial nerve.
What is Trousseau's sign? - ANSWER Wrist spasms caused by inflated BP cuff
What is paresthesias? - ANSWER numbness and tingling
What are the causes of hypocalcemia? - ANSWER Damage to the parathyroid glands,
alcoholics, malabsorption, alkalosis
How is hypocalcemia treated? - ANSWER Dietary changes, po or IV calcium
True or false: Hypocalcemia = hyper-excitable. - ANSWER True
Cheese, dairy, leafy greens, cottage cheese, whole grains, tuna, and salmon are all
foods that are rich in... - ANSWER Calcium
What happens to cellular membranes in hypercalcemia? - ANSWER The membrane is
, very stable, hard to excite
What are the clinical manifestations of hypercalcemia? - ANSWER Bradycardia, HTN,
blood clots, weak muscles, decreased GI motility, lethargy, renal calculi
Why does hypercalcemia cause difficulty breathing? - ANSWER Because muscles are
weakened, diaphragm is weakened
What are the causes of hypercalcemia? - ANSWER Hyperparathyroidism, cancer,
immobility, acidosis
How is hypercalcemia treated? - ANSWER Fluids, dialysis, IV bisphosphates
Why are IV bisphospates used to treat hypercalcemia? - ANSWER Bisphospates keeps
the calcium in the bone
What vitamin is required for calcium to be absorbed? - ANSWER Vitamin d
What organ excretes potassium and magnesium? - ANSWER Kidneys
What is the function of magnesium? - ANSWER Calms muscles
What are the causes of hypermagnesium? - ANSWER Mainly kidney failure but can also
be caused by mg containing antacids or laxatives
What are the signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia? - ANSWER Respiratory
depression, cardiac arrest/bradycardia, hypotension, facial flushing, weak muscles,
CNS depression, drowsy, decreased DTR, hypoactive bowel sounds
How is hypermagnesemia treated? - ANSWER IV fluids and dialysis
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