NR546 Week 6 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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Course
NR546
Institution
NR546
Substance Use Disorder
→ Occurs when the recurrent use of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically
significant impairment, including health problems, disability, or failure to meet
responsibilities at home, work, or school.
When does drug use typically begin?
→ Adolescenc...
NR546 Week 6 Questions and Correct
Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
Substance Use Disorder
→ Occurs when the recurrent use of a substance, such as alcohol or drugs, causes clinically
significant impairment, including health problems, disability, or failure to meet
responsibilities at home, work, or school.
→ 40-60% of a client's vulnerability to substance use disorders may be attributed to
genetic factors
→
→ Vulnerability involves complex interactions between multiple genetic factors/.
→
→ Genetic involvement may impact an individual's experience of a drug as pleasurable
or not or how long a drug remains in the body.
→ influence whether genes associated with substance use disorder are activated
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy in SUD
→ Brain circuits that mediate reward, impulse control, decision making, learning, and
emotions play a role in substance use disorder.
Mesolimbic Dopamine pathway in SUD
→ has been identified as the key pathway that mediates reward.
→
→ Connects the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain to the ventral striatum of the
basal ganglia.
→
→ The pathway begins in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and connects to the ventral
striatum/nucleus
Neurobiological Basis: Neural Networks
→ Mesolimbic pathway is most associated with reward. Drugs and alcohol act directly on
brain receptors leading to a release of dopamine.
→
→ As substance use increases, brain circuits adapt by reducing sensitivity to dopamine,
leading to tolerance and the need to increase use of a substance to achieve the same
high.
Neurological Basis: Neural Signaling
→ Dopamine is responsible for regulating the brain's motivation, pleasure, and reward
center.
→
→ Dopamine is release in response to natural pleasurable activities or situations such as
achieving an accomplishment, enjoying a good meal. or participating in an athletic
activity. Addictive drugs cause a surge of dopamine in the ventral striatum or nucleus
accumbens.
→ Repeated use can lead to changes in brain circuitry leading to craving, addiction,
dependence, withdrawal.
What neurotransmitter is the target when treating SUD?
→ Dopamine.
Tolerance
→ With repeated ingestion of a drug, the drug shows decreased effect. Increasing doses
are required to achieve the effects noted with the original administration
Dependence
→ State of adaption produced with repeated administration of certain drugs so that
physical symptoms occur when the drug is discontinued abruptly.
Addiction
→ A change in behavior caused by biochemical changes in the brain after continued
substance use characterized by preoccupation with and repeated use of a substance
despite negative outcomes.
Withdrawal
→ Physiological and psychological reactions that occur when the use of a substance is
stopped abruptly.
Intoxication
→ Condition following the ingestion of a substance resulting in changes in level of
consciousness, cognition, perception, judgement, and behavior.
Treatment
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