MN566: Unit 8 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version
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Course
MN 566
Institution
MN 566
Dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca or keratitis sicca, is a
→ multifactorial disease of the tears and the ocular surface that results in discomfort,
visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular
surface.
Dry eye symptoms
2 0...
MN566: Unit 8 Questions and Correct
Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
Dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca or keratitis sicca, is a
→ multifactorial disease of the tears and the ocular surface that results in discomfort,
visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular
surface.
→ - Feeling of "sand in the eyes," especially when blinking.
→
→ - The eyes may feel hot, irritated, gritty and may redden.
→
→ - The patient may present with complaints of blurred vision and lack of tears, or, in
some cases, with excessive tearing as the eyes attempt to compensate.
→
→ -Patients may also complain of burning, itching, foreign body sensation, sensitivity to
light, and loss of the glossy appearance of the cornea.
→
→ - Some patients with dry eye may also complain of feeling as if their eyelids are
"heavy."
→
→ - Dry eye may be an indication of underlying systemic disease, such as autoimmune
disorder, and the health-care practitioner should always be alert to these possibilities.
→
→ - Symptoms typically worsen with smoky or dry environments, hot-air heating systems,
and windy conditions, as all may contribute to tear evaporation.
→
→ - Risk factors include advancing age because of declines in tear production that can
occur with aging, and the female sex. Prolonged computer usage may cause a
decrease in blinking; seasonal allergies can contribute to symptoms worsening;
autoimmune disorders such as Sjögren's syndrome, lupus, scleroderma, and rheumatoid
arthritis and other disorders such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and vitamin A
deficiency are associated with dry eye, and autoimmune diseases are also more
common in woman.
→
→ - Medications including antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, birth control
pills, hormone replacement therapy to relieve symptoms of menopause, and
medications for anxiety, Parkinson's disease, and high blood pressure have all been
associated with dry eye. Rosacea (an inflammatory skin disease) and blepharitis (an
inflammatory eyelid disease) can disrupt the function of the Meibomian glands, which
in turn effect tear composition and production.
Excessive tearing may be a result of
→ (1) a paradoxical response to dry eye, (2) exposure to an irritant, (3) or from an
obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct.
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