an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage." - Answer-pain
t/f
pain is whatever the person says it is - Answer-true
somatic pain - Answer-Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joi...
NUR 443 Final Exam Questions with
Latest Update
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential
tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage." - Answer-pain
t/f
pain is whatever the person says it is - Answer-true
somatic pain - Answer-Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints.
visceral pain - Answer-pain originating in the internal organs in the thorax, cranium, or
abdomen
t/f
pain can make CA grow - Answer-true
During the early stages of CA, will a patient always have pain? - Answer-No- they may
not have any pain unless undergoing a tx
___-____% of pts with advanced CA experience pain - Answer-80-90
t/f
healthcare professionals do a good job of handling cancer pain - Answer-false
what is the number one cause of inadequate pain management? - Answer-inadequate
assessment.
-Not asking the right information or exploring the pain enough
Intrathecal analgesia - Answer-injection of pain medication into the spinal canal
nerve block - Answer-injection of regional anesthetic to stop the passage of sensory or
pain impulses along a nerve path
what kind of pain does heat work well for? - Answer-reducing stiffness and increasing
circulation
What kind of pain does cold work well for? - Answer-decreasing inflammation or having
a numbing effect
,transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) - Answer-a battery-powered device
delivers stimulation to nerves to relieve acute and chronic pain
-Changes the sensation on the skin so your brain interprets the feeling differently
acupuncture - Answer-the practice of inserting fine needles through the skin at specific
points to cure disease or relieve pain
what is the second most common COD in the United States? - Answer-CA
most common types of cancer for both men and women - Answer-lung
colon and rectum
most common types of CA in women - Answer-breast
Most common type of CA in men - Answer-prostate
most common cancers in children - Answer-leukemias
Cancers that affect either brain or nervous system
*still rare even though it is the second leading COD in children
A nurse is caring for a client with suspected Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the
following would the nurse anticipate taking place first?
1. Palpation of the liver and spleen
2. Percussion of upper abdominal quadrants for tympany
3. Endoscopy
4. Needle biopsy - Answer-ca of the lymph system; doesnt typically present aas a solid
organi tumor
1 (lymph system)
examples of viral causes of cancer - Answer-epstein barr (lymphomas)
HIV (kaposi sarcomas)
What is the earliest sign of cancer? - Answer-asymptomatic
cytology - Answer-study of cells
neoplasm - Answer-Tumor; a new growth of tissue in which growth is uncontrolled and
progressive
t/f
, you can stage leukemias - Answer-false
(only done for cancers that you can size)
carcinoma in situ - Answer-cancer in the early stage before invading surrounding tissue
-localized neoplasm, contained, encapsulated, hasnt spread into other areas
Grading of cancer - Answer--assessment of the extent to which a tumor resembles the
normal tissue in a site
-reflects an indication of prognosis
-GX-G4
-higher the grade, the more difficult it is to treat
Staging of cancer - Answer-is the process of determining where the cancer is located
and the extent of its invasion. Once a cancer is staged the level does not change even if
the cancer progresses.
what is metastasis - Answer-movement of malignant cells
malignant cells break off and enter the blood and lymph (start to circulate your system
and get deposited in other places; grow and proliferate their as well)
How do we classify cancers? - Answer-my their tissue of orgin
radiation - Answer-Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or
particles.
chemotherapy - Answer-The use of drugs to treat diseases such as cancer
disrupts the cell cycle and kills ca
t/f
radiation is targeted whereas chemo is systemic - Answer-true
apheresis - Answer-process where you harvest bone marrow
kill all of the stem cells in the pts body and replace with new ones
what are stem cells - Answer-unspecialized cells from which differentiated cells develop
what is bone marrow - Answer-spongy tissue that helps in the production of red/white
blood cells
What would be the best way to admin chemo? - Answer-some sort of central line
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