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RT 335 Pathology Final Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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RT 335 Pathology Final Exam Questions And Correct AnswersWhat is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?
A benign tumor is a tumor that does not invade its surrounding tissue or spread around
the body.
A malignant tumor is a tumor that may invade its surrounding tissue or spread around
the body.
traits of malignant tumors
o Are composed of embryonic, primitive, or poorly differentiated cells
o Grow in a disorganized manner and so rapidly that nutrition of the cells becomes a
problem
o Necrosis, ulceration, and cavity formation
What is the most common cause of lung cancer? What are some other causes?
• Most common: Cigarette smoking
• Second leading cause: Radon Exposure
• Exposure to asbestos
• Radioactive ores (such as uranium)
• Inhaled chemical or minerals
• Diesel exhaust
• Air pollution (especially near heavily trafficked roads)
• Arsenic in drinking water
• Radiation therapy to lungs
• Personal or family history of lung cancer
,What is the difference between small cell and non-small cell lung cancers? What are the
names/types of each?
• Non-Small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
- Squamous (Epidermoid) cell carcinoma (Most common)
- The tumor originates from the basal cells of the bronchial epithelium and grows
through the epithelium before invading the surrounding tissues
- A slow growth rate and a late metastatic tendency
- Adenocarcinoma (including bronchial alveolar cell carcinoma)
- Large cell carcinoma
• Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC)
- Small cell carcinoma (a.k.a oat cell carcinoma)
- Combined small cell carcinoma
- A mixture of small cell and non-small cell carcinoma
What does it mean when a lung cancer is described as metastasized?
Metastasized means that the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.
What are treatment options when cancer metastasize?
Treatment options are chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
What are the signs and symptoms associated with metastatic cancer?
bone pain, neurologic problems, arm and leg weakness and numbness, seizures,
jaundice, enlarged lymph nodes.
, What does lung cancers typically look like on a chest x-ray?
• Small oval or coin lesion
• Large irregular mass
• Alveolar consolidation
• atelectasis
What is the most common form of lung cancer in patients that have never smoked?
Adenocarcinoma
Which form of lung cancer has the poorest prognosis?
Small cell carcinoma
Sarcoidosis (IDL)
relatively common chronic disorder of unknown causes
Silicosis (IDL) caused by
the chronic inhalation of crystalline, free silica, or silicon dioxide particles
scleroderma (IDL)
characterized by chronic hardening and thickening of the skin caused by new collagen
formation
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