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Test Bank for pediatric nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2ND Edition Tagher Knapp
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lOMoAR cPSD| 17087124Pediatric Nursing- A Case-Based Approach 2ND
EditionTagher Knapp Test Bank
, lOMoAR cPSD| 17087124
Pediatric Nursing – A Case-Based Approach 2ND Edition Tagher Knapp Test Bank
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis
1. Which intervention is appropriate for the child hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed.
b. Administer antibiotics as ordered.
c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
d. Give cool, humidified oxygen.
ANS: D
Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss from
tachypnea. The child should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30- to 40-degree
angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressure on the
diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there is a
secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the child is
tachypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
2. An child with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytial
virus (RSV). The registered nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what
type of isolation?
a. Reverse isolation
b. Airborne isolation
c. Contact Precautions
d. Standard Precautions
ANS: C
RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the
room. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated
gloved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RSV
infections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the child. With RSV, other
children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respiration.
This suggests what condition?
a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea
ANS: A
Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset,
fever, and general malaise. Bronchiolitis is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
, lOMoAR cPSD| 17087124
virus. Foreign body in the trachea occurs with acute respiratory distress or failure and maybe
stridor.
4. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for an child with acute bronchiolitis due to
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
a. Activity Intolerance
b. Decreased Cardiac Output
c. Pain, Acute
d. Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective (peripheral)
ANS. A
Rationale 1: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain is
not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
this respiratory-disease process.
Rationale 2: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain is
not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
this respiratory-disease process.
Rationale 3: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain is
not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
this respiratory-disease process.
Rationale 4: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen supply
and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis. Pain is
not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not affected by
this respiratory-disease process.
Global Rationale: Activity intolerance is a problem because of the imbalance between oxygen
supply and demand. Cardiac output is not compromised during an acute phase of bronchiolitis.
Pain is not usually associated with acute bronchiolitis. Tissue perfusion (peripheral) is not
affected by this respiratory-disease process.
Chapter 2: Asthma
1. The registered nurse is caring for a child hospitalized for status asthmaticus. Which
assessment findingsuggests that the childs condition is worsening?
a. Hypoventilation
b. Thirst
c. Bradycardia
d. Clubbing
ANS: A
, lOMoAR cPSD| 17087124
The registered nurse would assess the child for signs of hypoxia, including restlessness, fatigue,
irritability,and increased heart and respiratory rate. As the child tires from the increased work of
breathing hypoventilation occurs leading to increased carbon dioxide levels. The registered
nurse would be alert for signs of hypoxia. Thirst would reflect the childs hydration status.
Bradycardia is not a sign of hypoxia; tachycardia is. Clubbing develops over a period of months
in response to hypoxia. The presence of clubbing does not indicate the childs condition is
worsening.
2. Which finding is expected when assessing a child hospitalized for asthma?
a. Inspiratory stridor
b. Harsh, barky cough
c. Wheezing
d. Rhinorrhea
ANS: C
Wheezing is a classic manifestation of asthma. Inspiratory stridor is a clinical manifestation of
croup. A harsh, barky cough is characteristic of croup. Rhinorrhea is not associated with asthma.
3. A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion with
purulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. The
registered nurserecognizes these symptoms are characteristic of which respiratory
condition?
a. Allergic rhinitis
b. Bronchitis
c. Asthma
d. Sinusitis
ANS: D
Sinusitis is characterized by signs and symptoms of a cold that do not improve after 14 days, a
low-grade fever, nasal congestion and purulent nasal discharge, headache, tenderness, a feeling
of fullness over the affected sinuses, halitosis, and a cough that increases when the child is lying
down. The classic symptoms of allergic rhinitis are watery rhinorrhea, itchy nose, eyes, ears, and
palate, and sneezing. Symptoms occur as long as the child is exposed to the allergen. Bronchitis
is characterized by a gradual onset of rhinitis and a cough that is initially nonproductive but may
change to a loose cough. The manifestations of asthma may vary, with wheezing being a classic
sign. The symptoms presented in the question do not suggest asthma.
4. What is a common trigger for asthma attacks in children?
a. Febrile episodes
b. Dehydration
c. Exercise
d. Seizures
ANS: C
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