Western Civilization I
(Chapters 1-4) Exam
Questions and Complete
Solutions Graded A+
Prehistory - Answer: human history in the period before recorded events known mainly through
archaeological discoveries, study, research
Paleolithic Age - Answer: the period of human history when humans used simple stone tools (c.
2,500,000-10,000 b.c.)
Neolithic Age - Answer: latest part of the stone-age beginning about 10,000 BC in the middle-east (but
later elsewhere)
Civilization - Answer: an advanced level of human society, in which a high level of culture, science,
industry, and government has been reached
Agricultural (Neolithic) Revolution - Answer: the shift from hunting and gathering to planting and
growing
Bronze Age - Answer: between the Stone Age and the Iron Age, characterized by the use of weapons and
implements made of bronze
Mesopotamia - Answer: an ancient region in west Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, now
part of Iraq
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers - Answer: The land between these two rivers contained the early civilizations
of Mesopotamia
, Ziggurat - Answer: a massive stepped tower upon which a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess
of a Sumerian city was built
Theocracy - Answer: a form of government where God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler,
the God's or deity's laws being interpreted by the ecclesiastical authorities
Code of Hammurabi - Answer: A collection of 282 laws which were enforced under Hammurabi's Rule.
One of the first examples of written law in the ancient civilizations.
Polytheistic - Answer: Belief in more than one god
Cuneiform - Answer: "wedge-shaped." A system of writing developed by the Sumerians that consisted of
wedge-shaped impressions made by a reed stylus on clay tablets
Epic of Gilgamesh - Answer: an epic poem from Mesopotamia, and among the earliest known works of
literary writing.
Egypt: Old Kingdom - Answer: Encompassed the 3rd through the 6th dynasties of Egyptian kings, when
the largest pyramids of Egypt's history where built.
Egypt: Middle Kingdom - Answer: A new period of stability lasting from 2055-1650 B.C. Characterized by
a new concern on part of the pharaohs for the people.
Pyramids - Answer: quadrilateral masonry mass having smooth, steeply sloping sides, meeting at an
apex, used as a tomb
Mummification - Answer: making a dead body into a mummy by embalming and drying
Hyksos - Answer: a nomadic people who conquered and ruled ancient Egypt between the 13th and 18th
dynasties; believed to have been a Semitic people that originally migrated into Egypt from Asia
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