NSG 5003 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
In the mouth and stomach, salivary α-amylase initiates the digestion of which nutrients? a.
Proteins c. Fats b. Carbohydrates d. Fiber - answerB: cabohydrates
Salivary α-amylase is an enzyme that initiates only carbohydrate digestion in the mouth a...
What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug such as
atropine? a. Salivation becomes thinner. c. The pH of saliva changes. b. Salivation decreases. d.
Digestive enzymes are inhibited. - answer✔b: salivation decreases
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system control
salivation. Because cholinergic parasympathetic fibers stimulate the salivary glands, atropine (an
anticholinergic agent) inhibits salivation and makes the mouth dry. None of the other options is a
result of drugs such as atropine.
Food enters the stomach via which sphincter? a. Cardiac c. Gastric b. Upper esophageal d.
Fundal - answer✔A: cardiac
Each end of the esophagus is opened and closed by a sphincter. The upper esophageal sphincter
(cricopharyngeal muscle) prevents entry of air into the esophagus during respiration. The lower
esophageal sphincter (cardiac sphincter) prevents regurgitation from the stomach. The lower
esophageal sphincter is located near the esophageal hiatus—the opening in the diaphragm where
the esophagus ends at the stomach. The cardiac sphincter is the only option that fulfills the
function described in the question.
Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor? a. Parietal c. G b. Chief d. H -
answer✔A: Parietal
Of the available options, only the parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid and
intrinsic factor.
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