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Unit 1.4 APES Notes
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Complete set of unit 1.4 class notes. Discusses the carbon cycle.
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Carbon CycleBiogeochemical Cycles
Energy flows through the trophic levels and is eventually lost as heat to the environment
Everything else is recycled in the biosphere through biogeochemical cycles
-ex: water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, phosphorous cycle
Key Processes
Photosynthesis: Atmospheric CO2 is converted into sugar in the tissues of organisms
Respiration: Sugars are broken down in the tissue of organisms and CO 2 is released
into the atmosphere
Decomposition: the tissue of once-living organisms are broken down, releasing carbon
into the soil and CO2 into the atmosphere
Exchange: CO2 in the atmosphere and CO2 dissolved in the water (ocean) are
constantly exchanged
Sedimentation: CO2 precipitates into calcium carbonate as sediments (solids) form into
sedimentary rock.
-Largest pool of stored carbon
Burial: carbon (in any form) that is buried underground without decomposing can
become fossilized and stored long-term
Extraction: human extraction of fossil fuels brings carbon to Earth's surface
Combustion: fossil fuels and other plant matter are burned and converted into CO 2
Human Impacts
Plants and animal decomposition have led to the storage of carbon over millions of
years
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