LLCU 213: Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
What is connectivity? - answer✔- the ability to accumulate and use social capital
- combining strong ties with weak ties to create a large, heterogeneous tank of relational
resources
- ex. lawyers, CAs, bankers, politicians
What is corruption? - answer✔- "the abuse of public office for private gain"
- illicit gain or undue advantage
What are the 5 main types of corruption according to internal RCMP investigation of the national
police force? - answer✔1. improperly giving out police info
2. fraud
3. misuse of policy officer status
4. theft
5. interference with judicial process
What is supply side vs. demand side corruption? - answer✔- offering illicit payment or undue
advantage
- accepting/soliciting illicit payment or undue advantage
What is petty corruption? - answer✔Sometimes coined "bureaucratic corruption" and involves
bribes and other lower-level activities, whereas grand corruption involves higher ranking
officials
What are the 10 characteristics of the mafia as defined in the past three lectures? (different from
the 8 defined at beginning of course) - answer✔1. connectivity (social capital)
2. structure (complex, connected key individuals)
3. corruption (illicit payment/undue advantage)
4. violence (maintain threat of violence, dominate territory)
5. sophistication (code, no trails, dummy bosses)
6. continuity (old mafia with the same heart)
7. discipline
8. multiple enterprises
9. lack of advantage
10. bonding/rituals
What is a "made man"? - answer✔An aspiring "Mafioso" who is deemed a nobody until he goes
through initiation and becomes a member of the mafia
What is a "not-person"? - answer✔A person who is not a member of the mafia
What are the 4 stages of money laundering? - answer✔1. placement
2. layering
3. integration
4. repatriation
How is money laundering divided between Western, Central and Eastern Canada? -
answer✔Western: 39%, Central: 41%, Eastern: 24%
What are the 4 ways OC groups use intimidation? - answer✔1. protection
2. extortion
3. selling of goods/services
4. theft of goods/services
What is the diff between an enterprise, a syndicate and a venture? - answer✔enterprise: a group
that participates in criminal activities ex. a meth cutting lab
syndicate: a larger group that regulates relations between various enterprises ex. Yamaguchi
gumi
venture: a specific criminal project ex. robbing a bank
Definition-wise, what are the main attributes of O.C as gathered from looking at multiple
sources? - answer✔(top being most cited in various definitions)
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