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Med Surg 2 Exam 1- Cancer Questions and Answers
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What is the key for Oncology? - Answer-Risk Reduction How does Cancer start? - Answer-Exposure to carcinogens Constant exposure to carcinogens does what to DNA? - Answer-Mechanical irritation changes the nature of normal DNA to mutated and abnormal DNA How do Tumors outsmart the Immune sys...

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  • October 18, 2024
  • 7
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • med surg 2 exam 1 cancer questions and answers
  • what is the key for oncology answer risk reduct

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Med Surg 2 Exam 1- Cancer Questions
and Answers
What is the key for Oncology? - Answer-Risk Reduction

How does Cancer start? - Answer-Exposure to carcinogens

Constant exposure to carcinogens does what to DNA? - Answer-Mechanical irritation
changes the nature of normal DNA to mutated and abnormal DNA

How do Tumors outsmart the Immune system? - Answer-Disguising themselves
resulting in unchecked proliferation

What % of smokers get lung cancer? - Answer-85-90%

What percentage of non smokers get cancer? - Answer-15%

How long does it take to get lungs back to normal functioning? - Answer-10 years

Are there clear symptoms for lung cancer? - Answer-No - Weight loss, dyspnea,
breathing problems, coughing

What must a nurse do if their patient smokes? - Answer-Required to talk to them about
the risks of smoking and benefits of quitting ( 1-800-NOBUTTS)

Who is more at risk for skin cancer due to sun exposure? - Answer-Those with light
eyes

Changes in moles that are cause for concern - Answer-Multiple colors, asymmetrical
appearance

Melanoma - Answer-Most dangerous kind of skin cancer that metastasizes quickly and
can be lethal

Metastasis - Answer-Spreading of cancer to a distant site

Direct Spreading - Answer-Caused by scalpel spreading

Viral Carcinogen - Answer-Epstein Barr - Lymphoma
HPV - Cervical Cancer
H. Pylori - Esophageal, Stomach, Duodenal cancers

Breast Cancer - Answer-Most common cancer in women in US

, BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 - Answer-Genes involved in breast cancer; Mutated BRCA
increase breast cancer risk by 90%; Can also cause ovarian cancer

Risk factors for Breast Cancer - Answer-Genetics, Estrogen, Age,

Estrogen - Answer-Early menarche and late menopause increase risk (Before 12 and
after 55)

What can reduce risk of breast cancer? - Answer-Full term Pregnancy before 30

Age - Answer-50 and Older

Breast Cancer in men - Answer-1% of breast cancer affects men and are more
aggressive

When to get tested for Breast Cancer - Answer-- Family history (1st degree relatives)

Stage 4 cancer - Answer-Considered terminal illness

How curable are stage 1 cancers? - Answer-Most are 100%

Foods and Cancer risk - Answer-Nitrites and Salt (Bacon)
Red meat
Low Protein Diet
Charcoal

Benign Tumor - Answer-- Can cause death due to obstruction
- Can re-occur
- Can invade
- Can't metastasize

Primary Prevention - Answer-Ability to prevent a disease from happening 100% - Not
possible in cancer

Secondary Prevention - Answer-Risk reduction (Double mastectomy, Reduced Sun
exposure, Healthy eating, Exercise) Early screening (At specific Ages)

Screenings for Breast Cancer - Answer-- BSE (Breast self Exam monthly)
- Clinical Breast exam performed by HCP
- CBEs Every 3 years if under age 40 Every year after 40
- Mammograms Every year after 40

Prostate Cancer Screening - Answer-Digital Rectal Examination Every year at age 50

What indicated Prostate cancer during DRE? - Answer-Hard, Rigid, nodular prostate

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