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Cancer Exam Questions with Verified Answers

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__________ starts with changes at the genetic level of individual cells, which may cause some cells to lose control and divide rapidly and uncontrollably. - Answer-Cancer Which of the following is/are true about cancer cells? Select all that apply. - Answer-- Lose their specialization Lose their...

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  • October 18, 2024
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Cancer Exam Questions with Verified
Answers
__________ starts with changes at the genetic level of individual cells, which may
cause some cells to lose control and divide rapidly and uncontrollably. - Answer-Cancer

Which of the following is/are true about cancer cells? Select all that apply. - Answer--
Lose their specialization Lose their specialization

- Divide uncontrollably Divide uncontrollably Correct

Cancer is a disease that occurs at the __________ level of biological organization of
living things. - Answer-cellular

Check All That Apply - Answer-- Cancer cells continue to divide even when they come
into contact with other cells.
- Cancer cells are not regulated because they have lost the ability to control cell
division.

Complete the following paragraph concerning the regulation of cell growth. - Answer--
Billions of new cells are produced every day to repair damaged tissues or replace worn
out cells.
- The production of cells is closely regulated by a variety of hormones and genetic
mechanisms within the cell to ensure that only the correct type and number of new cells
are produced.
- Unregulated cell division is a hallmark of cancer.
- The generalized loss of control over cell reproduction exhibited by cancer cells is the
result of accumulated abnormalities and is reflected in several aspects of cell behavior
that distinguish cancer cells from their normal cells.
- Although there are many different forms of cancer, it is presumed that cancer is a
disease caused by the combined effects of both genetic and environmental factors

Types of Cancers - Answer-Thyroid: thyroid gland around the neck
Lymphoma: lymphatic system (shoulder are)
Leukemia: blood cells (arm bone on diagram)
Melanoma: skin (leg on diagram)

Which term describes an overgrowth of abnormal cells that serves no useful purpose? -
Answer-tumor

Complete the following paragraph to describe how cancer influences the physiology of
the body. - Answer-- Cancer is a disease that begins with changes in the body at the
cellular level due to abnormal cells dividing in a disorderly manner.

, - Each cell operates a biological factory and is specialized to carry out a specific set of
instructions.
- When the genetic programming of a small group of cells becomes faulty, the cells start
to lose their specialization.
- With no genetic control, the cells start to divide uncontrollably and the cells undergo
more rounds of division than they normally would, making cells prone to replication
errors.
- As the number of cancer cells increases, they may spread and invade nearby tissues
and organs, disrupting their physiological processes and their ability to survive.

A cell is the smallest unit of biological organization that has all of the characteristics of
life. Which of the following are considered characteristics of life? - Answer-- Adapts to
changes in its environment
- Acquires materials and energy to manufacture cellular components
- Passes on genetic information to offspring

The following graphic shows the major steps of gene expression. Place the following
descriptions of the steps in the correct order. - Answer-1. Located in the nucleus, DNA
serves as the template for gene expressions.
2. The generic info is transcribed from DNA into complementary strand of mRNA.
3. mRNA, an intermediate molecule, leaves the nucleus to the ribosome.
4. In the cytoplasm, mRNA and its codons are translated at the ribosome and specify a
tRNA carrying specific amino acids.
5. The amino acids bind to together to form a growing protein chain that eventually
breaks off from the ribsome.

Complete the following paragraph to describe how cells divide. - Answer-- The process
of cell division is a highly organized series of events that produces cells that are
genetically identical to each other.
- During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and
splits to form two identical daughter cells.
- Because this process is so critical, the steps of mitosis are carefully controlled by a
number of checkpoints to ensure that each new daughter cell contains the same genetic
information.
- If a cell bypasses these regulations, the cell may not be able to stop continuously
dividing and it is on its way to becoming cancerous.

At the end of mitosis, the daughter cells are described as clones. For this description to
be appropriate, the daughter cells must __________. - Answer-contain a set of genetic
instructions that are identical to each other and that of the parent cell.

Anaphase - Answer-The sister chromatids separate and become individual
chromosomes that begin to move toward the poles of the cell.

Prophase - Answer-Replicated chromosomes condense and attach to the mitotic
spindle.

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