Edith Kramer Right Ans - Art as Therapy; influences by Freud; worked with
behaviorally disordered children; goal-establish possibility of sublimation
Margaret Naumberg Right Ans - Influenced by Jung; dynamically oriented
art therapy (art psychotherapy); Art in therapy
Florence Cane Right Ans - Naumberg's sister; The Artist in Each of US book;
art educator; kinesthetic warm up ( arms in circles)
Elinor Ulman Right Ans - -balance the "art" and "therapy" of art therapy
-founder of the American Journal of Art Therapy
-the UPAP art therapy assessment
Edward Adamson Right Ans - - "studio approach"
-Art as Healing book
- art therapist in England
-patients are encouraged to paint with very little interference or analysis
Rita Simon Right Ans - British art therapist; 8 art styles ( 4 basic, 4
mixed/transitional); creative initiative as main begin for mental health
Disordered/Random Scribbling Right Ans - 1.5-2.5 years; little control of
mark making; random color choice; kinesthetic enjoyment
Controlled/Named Scribbles Right Ans - 2-3 years; increased control of
mark making; begin to name scribbles; circle may appear by accident
Radials & Mandalas Right Ans - 3-4 years; beginning representation of self;
form circles and lines into simple patterns; triangle at 3 years; circle at 4
Preschematic Stage Right Ans - age 4-5; first representational attempts;
tadpole figures; figures float in space; size and color not realistic; child is
egocentric
Schematic Stage Right Ans - 7-9 years; ground/skyline appear; schemas of
human figures; color more reality-based and simplistic
, Drawing Realism (Gang Stage) Right Ans - 9-12 years; more self-conscious
and aware of peers; interest in details; draw smaller and lesser spontaneous
Pseudo-Naturalistic (Stage of Realism) Right Ans - 12-14 years; more
naturalistic and detailed; aware of natural surroundings; aware of
proportions, perspective, and gradation; depiction of sexual characteristics
Oral Stage Right Ans - 0-6 months; Themes of taking in and spitting out,
incorporating, symbiosis; digesting, sucking, bitting (oral aggression)
Anal Stage Right Ans - 2-3 years; Themes in retention/elimination,
ambivalence, resistance to habit training, willfulness, struggle for autonomy,
socialization
Phallic Stage Right Ans - 3-4 years; themes of Oedipal attraction to the
parent of the opposite sex and ambivalence toward parent of the same sex;
assuming sex role
Latency Stage Right Ans - 7-11 years; dynamics relatively stable, drawn to
same sex peers, shift from self-absorption to altruism, libido diverted to social
ends
Genital Stage Right Ans - Sexual maturation and reproduction
basic trust vs. mistrust Right Ans - Birth-18 months; In Erikson's theory,
the psychological conflict of infancy, which is resolved positively when the
balance of care is sympathetic and loving. Hope
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Right Ans - 18 months-3 years; Erikson's
stage in which a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things
independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt Right Ans - 3-5 years; Erikson's third stage in which the
child finds independence in planning, playing and other activities; purpose
Industry vs. Inferiority Right Ans - Erikson's stage between 6 and 12 years,
when the child learns to be productive; competence
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