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PPR, PPR Texes 160, TExES PPR Concepts and Terms with Complete Solutions

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vPPR, PPR Texes 160, TExES PPR Concepts and Terms with Complete SolutionsPPR, PPR Texes 160, TExES PPR Concepts and Terms with Complete SolutionsPPR, PPR Texes 160, TExES PPR Concepts and Terms with Complete Solutions Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER-Jean Piaget, a Swiss psycholog...

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PPR, PPR Texes 160, TExES PPR

Concepts and Terms with

Complete Solutions


Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER-Jean Piaget, a Swiss

psychologist, developed a theory of how cognition develops and changes

over time.




Four Stages of Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development - ANSWER-Piaget

proposed that a child's intellect progresses through four stages:

1) Sensorimotor (0-2)

2) Preoperational (2-7)

3) Concrete operational (7-11)

4) Formal operational (11-adulthood)




How does Piaget think kids learn? - ANSWER-Children learn through active

interaction and manipulation of the environment.

,What do Piaget's stages mean? - ANSWER-The stage the child is in

determines how they see the world. Piaget believed that all students pass

through the stages in order and cannot skip any stage.




Schemes - ANSWER-Mental patterns that guide behavior; cognitive

structures that help children process and organize information to make

sense of the environment.




Conservation - ANSWER-The concept that certain properties of an object

remain the same regardless of changes in other properties.




Centration - ANSWER-Paying attention to only one aspect of an object or

situation; what is commonly called tunnel vision.




Reversibility - ANSWER-The ability to perform a mental operation and then

reverse thinking to return to the starting point.




Assimilation - ANSWER-Understanding new experiences in terms of existing

schemes.

,Accommodation - ANSWER-Modifying existing schemes to fit new situations

in the environment.




Adaptation - ANSWER-The process of adjusting schemes in response to the

environment through assimilation or accommodation. According to Piaget,

this is how learning occurs.




Equilibration - ANSWER-The process of restoring balance between present

understanding and new experiences. According to Piaget, learning depends

on this process so it is important for teachers to confront students with new

experiences or data to advance their cognitive development.




Disequilibrium - ANSWER-An imbalance between what a child understands

and what the child encounters through new experiences.




Sensorimotor Stage - ANSWER-The earliest stage (0-2) of cognitive

development during which infants learn about the environment by using

their senses and motor skills. Children develop object permanence and

progress from reflexive behavior to goal-directed behavior.

, Object Permanence - ANSWER-The fact that objects are physically stable and

exist even when the objects are not in the child's physical presence. This

enables the child to start using symbols to represent things in their minds so

they can think about them.




Preoperational Stage - ANSWER-The second stage (2-7) of cognitive

development in which children learn to represent things in their mind. During

this stage students develop the ability to use symbols to represent objects in

the world. Thinking remains egocentric and centered.




Egocentric - ANSWER-Believing that everyone sees the world as you do.




Class Inclusion - ANSWER-The ability to think simultaneously about a whole

class of objects and about relationships among subordinate classes; a

framework for thinking.

Scaffolding - ANSWER-Support for learning and problem solving that include

clues, reminders, examples, or encouragement.




Cooperative Learning - ANSWER-Strategies in which students work together

to help one another learn by sharing perspectives and providing models of

slightly advanced thinking.

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