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Addiction SPMM – Questions And Answers (100% Accurate)
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Addiction SPMM – Questions And Answers (100% Accurate)
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Addiction SPMM – Questions And Answers (100%Accurate)
% of people who take benzos for 1 year who develop dependence Right
Ans - 40%
between 3 and 12 months of use, 10-20% will become dependent
current prevalence of heroin in the UK Right Ans - <1%
typical dose of heroin a day in dependent person Right Ans - 0.25-2.0g per
day
cost of heroin Right Ans - £50-100 per gram
ice Right Ans - particularly strong and pure form of amphetamines
3 main types of pharmacotherapy for opioid withdrawal symptoms Right
Ans - 1. methadone
2. buprenorphine
3. a2 adrenergic agonists (usually lofexidine, can consider clonidine)
chronic harmful effects of cocaine Right Ans - necrosis of nasal septum
fetal damage (crack babies)
panic and anxiety disorders
persecutory delusions
psychosis
symptom of opioid use that tolerance does not develop with Right Ans -
constipation
psychosocial intervention for cocaine use with most consistent evidence
Right Ans - contingency management
most common side effects of benzo use Right Ans - drowsiness
ataxia
dizziness
,benzo used for date rape Right Ans - flunitrazepam
short acting, potent benzo
LAAM Right Ans - lavo-alpha-acetylmethadol
synthetic mu receptor agonist used in opioid maintenance treatment
withdrawn from the market due to QT prolongation and life threatening /
fatal cardiac arrhyrhmias eg tosades de points
women dependent on opioids in pregnancy Right Ans - stabilisation on
substitute methadone is treatment of choice
detoxification in first trimester contraindicated due to risk of spontaneous
abortion and in third trimester due to preterm delivery, foetal distress and
stillbirth
if detox requested, safest in second trimester but should be supervised and
careful monitoring
should be prescribed in small frequent decrements eg 2-3mg of methadone
every 3-5 days
enforced detoxification contraindicated
most common adverse effects of clonidine Right Ans - dry mouth and eyes
fatigue
sedation
dizziness
nausea
hypotension
constipation
common adverse effects of naltrexone Right Ans - unease (dysphoria)
depression
insomnia
has propensity to cause severe withdrawal reaction in patients who are either
currently taking opioid drugs or who were previously taking opioid drugs and
there has not been sufficient "wash out" period
time LSD can be detected in the urine for Right Ans - 4 days
risk of seizures with bupropion extended release Right Ans - 1 in 1000
dose dependent risk
, risk of seizures with immediate release bupropion Right Ans - 0.6-0.4% for
regular 3 times a day
morphine and heroin withdrawal Right Ans - begin 6 hours after last dose,
reach peak at 32-72 hours and subside during the next 7-10 days
methadone withdrawal Right Ans - reaches peak between 4 and 6 days and
symptoms do not subside for 10-12 days
insomnia, bradycardia, temperature dysregulation and craving for opioids can
persist for months after withdrawal
codeine, hydromorphine, oxycodone withdrawal Right Ans - probably peak
withdrawal 30-72 hours
symptoms of opioid withdrawal Right Ans - agitation, anxiety, fever, flu like
symptoms for up to 5 days
depression, cramps, chills for up to 2 weeks
insomnia, bradycardia, temp dysregulation, craving for up to several months
time for cannabis to stay in urine with chronic, heavy use Right Ans - 4
weeks
time that NRT should be used for Right Ans - initial period of NRT is 8-12
weeks
may be continued for up to 9 months if cravings persist
most effective method of managing tobacco withdrawal is combination NRT
(patch + oral product)
physical health problems associated with anabolic steroid use Right Ans -
hypertension, hypogonadism, gyaencomastia, amenorrhoea, liver damage,
impotence, male pattern baldness and infection risk
associated mental health problems with anabolic steroids Right Ans - acute
emotional instability (roid rage), increased aggressiveness,
persecutory/grandiose delusions, depressive illness, chronic fatigue
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