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Fmst 210 Final Exam Study Guide (Kathy Geaves) Questions With Answers
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Fmst 210 Final Exam Study Guide (Kathy Geaves) Questions With Answers
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Fmst 210 Final Exam Study Guide (KathyGeaves) Questions With Answers
Dominant genetic inheritance and example - ANSWER- Each gene has two alleles, one
inherited from each parent, dominant is always expressed regardless of other allele its
paired with
Recessive allele - ANSWER- only expressed when paired with another recessive allele
incomplete dominance - ANSWER- A pattern of inheritance in which two alleles,
inherited from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive. The resulting offspring
have a phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits.
gene-environment interactions - ANSWER- interaction of genes and perosnal
enviornent will detemien different outcomes to different situations
range of reaction and example - ANSWER- we have a certain range of boundaries set
by genes, and r environemntal facotrs will determine where in that range we fall.
expression of height (phenotype) will be on upper boundary if access to proper nutrition
and healthcare
Canalization - ANSWER- the tendency of heredity to restrict the development of some
characteristics to just one or a few outcomes. Most babies walk by 12
Maternal characteristics and behaviours - ANSWER- 1. maternal age
Complications when having a baby passed 35
- risk of down syndrome with high maternal age, particularly past 40
2. Nutrition
Nutrition of mothers and healthy babies is highly correlated. Mothers need 2-3k calories
a day, more than average. Lots of mothers lack access to adequate nutrition, more
likely people of colour, indigenous. Poor nutriton associated with poor growth before
and after birth
3. Maternal illness
- increase chance baby will have birth defect or illness
- rubella, zika virus, aids - all can be transferred to baby
- aids through breastfeeding
4. emotional well being
- Overall, stress during pregnancy risk the fetus- Exposure to chronic and severe stress
pose risks to fetus- Stress can raise fetus' heart rate and activity level- Child could have
symptoms of anxiety and ADHD
, 5. Prenatal care
- services provided to improve pregnancy outcomes
-not all women get prental care level of education and ses associated with it
- physical exam, weight check etc
- Inadequate prenatal care is linked to low birth rate, preterm birth, and infant mortality
contextual influences on pubertal timing - ANSWER- 1. SES
- low ses families experience puberty sooner, more stress, lack of nutriton,
2. Stress
- leads to early onset of puberty. Family stress, school related
- Causes early menarche
-growing up in poverty can cause puberty sooner
- Girls who are thin will experience the onset of puberty (menarche) later--> no access
to any or proper food--> eating disorders
3. Nutrition
off timed puberty - ANSWER- when you start puberty later or earlier than on average
Females before 8 and after 13
Boys: before 9 and after 14
-early linked with more problems than later
Psychosocial Challenges of ReachingPuberty Early or Late - ANSWER- -girls will face
more problems than boys: bullying self image, body shaming feeling different. Boys
might be treated better, seen as older more mature and stronger
-Tendency to seek out older peers due to physical appearance similarities--> Early
maturation leads to individuals seeking out relationships with older peers- At risk for
participating in age inappropriate activities (drugs, alcohol, sexual activities)- Boys will
treat girls much older if they go through puberty earlyEarly maturation leads to
involvement in age inappropriate relationships and risk-taking behaviour that can lead
to: having sex earlier, higher rates of STI's, higher rates of teen pregnancy, teen moms,
and abortions)
Psychoanalytic: Theory of Human Development - ANSWER- Development and
behaviour are the results of the interplay of inner drives, memories, and conflicts we are
unaware of and cannot control
Freud - psychosexual theory - oral, anal
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory - Included the roleof the social world in shaping our
sense of self - trust vs mistrust
Operant conditioning - behaviourism theory - ANSWER- Behaviour becomes more or
less probable depending on its consequences - skinner
systems theory - ANSWER- Emphasizes the role of social context in development
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