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Organic Chemistry- Alkanes Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds -contain C and usually H -has 4 bonds -typically nonpolar molecules -do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil) -weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and bo...

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  • October 17, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Organic Chemistry- Alkanes Exam
Questions & Answers 2024/2025

organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds



organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds

-contain C and usually H

-has 4 bonds

-typically nonpolar molecules

-do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil)

-weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and boiling
points (-0.5 C)

-may burn vigorously in air



carbons 4 bonding patterns - ANSWER-alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatics



alkanes - ANSWER-carbons participate in single bonds (unreactive)



alkenes - ANSWER-carbons participate in double bonds



alkynes - ANSWER-carbons participate in triple bonds



aromatics - ANSWER-contain benzene ring, molecule with a ring of six carbon atoms
with one H attached to each C



heteroatom - ANSWER-any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen; ex. N, O, and the
halogens. forms a characteristic number of bonds, determined by its location in the
periodic table. lone pairs of electrons

, hydrocarbons - ANSWER-compounds that contain only the elements C and H



ways of writing organic compounds - ANSWER-molecular formula, expanded formula,
condensed formula



IUPAC - ANSWER-international union of pure and applied chemistry



IUPAC prefixes - ANSWER-1- meth

2-eth

3-prop

4- but

5- pent

6- hexa

7- hept

8-oct

9- non

10- dec



naming organic compounds - ANSWER-count the number of C atoms, find prefix
associated with # of carbon atoms, if only single bonds, compound will end in -ane



cycloalkanes - ANSWER-hydrocarbons that form a ring



substituents - ANSWER-a branch or substituent is added to the carbon chain



isomers - ANSWER-branched alkanes often form these. 2 compounds with the same
molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms.



alkyl groups - ANSWER-alkane that is missing 1 hydrogen atom; to name, change -ane
ending of the parent alkane to -yl

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