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NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO KEY POINTS ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK COMPLETE 380 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)$25.59
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NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO KEY POINTS ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK COMPLETE 380 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)
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Course
NURS 611
Institution
NURS 611
NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO KEY POINTS ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK
COMPLETE 380 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)
NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO KEY POINTS ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK
COMPLETE 380 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RA...
NURS 611 EXAM 1 PATHO KEY POINTS ACTUAL EXAM AND TEST BANK
COMPLETE 380 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+ (MARYVILLE UNIVERSITY)
Nucleus - ANSWER-contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure
composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the
DNAbinding proteins, the histones, that regulate its activity
What 4 elements is DNA composed of? - ANSWER-1) deoxyribose
phosphate molecule 2) pyrimidine bases
3) purine bases
4) hydrogen bonds (stabilize the helix through large numbers)
what are Ribosomes? - ANSWER-RNA-protein complexes
(nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted
into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called
nuclear pore complexes (NPCs)
What is the chief function of Ribosomes - ANSWER-Chief function of
ribosomes is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis
Golgi Complex - ANSWER--network of flattened, smooth membranes
and vesicles frequently located near the nucleus of the cell. -Proteins
,from the ER are processed and packaged into small membrane-bound
sacs or vesicles called secretory vesicles.
- refining plant and directs traffic into the cell.
Lysosomes - ANSWER-maintain cellular health
- efficient removal of toxic cellular components
-if damaged, will release and cause AUTODIGESTION
-removal of useless organelles
- signals cellular adaptation
what do Peroxisomes contain? - ANSWER-hydrogen peroxide and
other oxygen reactive species
Mitochondria - ANSWER-- responsible for cellular respiration and
energy production.
-THINK ATP (energy) - ATP functions as the energy-transferring
molecule.
- urea and heme synthesis
How does a virus get into a cell? - ANSWER--through trickery! -
attaches to the cell and release and enzyme to facilitate entrance to
the cell
-also by bacteria and parasites
Diffusion - ANSWER-passive
process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration
,facilitated diffusion - ANSWER--needs help to enter the cell
- ex: insulin attaches to a receptor to let glucose in
Active transport - ANSWER--movement of a solute molecule from an
area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
- going against the gradient needs energy
What cells in our body cannot reproduce? - ANSWER-neurons, heart
cells, skeletal muscle cells, red blood cells
-they do not reproduce or transform, but some can be created by the
body
Main types of cell death? - ANSWER-apoptosis and necrosis
apoptosis - ANSWER-a cell death that is regulated or programmed.
Cellular self-destruction for elimination of unwanted cell populations
Necrosis - ANSWER-characterized by rapid loss of the plasma
membrane structure, organelle swelling, mitochondrial dysfunction
#1 major cause of cellular injury leading to necrosis – ANSWER-
hypoxia
atrophy - ANSWER-cell shrinks - decreased size
Normal atrophy - ANSWER-physiologic atrophy
, Effects of ischemia on cellular metabolism - ANSWER-a reduction of
ATP levels causes the plasma membrane's sodium-potassium pump
and sodium-calcium exhange to fail, which leads to intracellular
accumulation of sodium and calcium and diffusion of potassium out
of the cell. sodium and water then can center the cell freely and
cellular swelling results
pathologic atrohy - ANSWER-occurs as a result of of decrease in
workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, and hormonal
stimulation
hypertophy - ANSWER-increase in size of cell
Hyperplasia - ANSWER-increase in number of cells compensatory
(liver) or pathalogical
metaplasia - ANSWER-replacement of cells with a different type
Free Radical - ANSWER-an electrically uncharged atom or group of
atoms having an unpaired electron. this unpaired electron makes the
molecule unstable; thus to stabilize, it gives up an electron to another
molecule or steals one. Thus, it is capable of of injurious chemical
bond formation with proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates - key
molecules in membranes and nucleic acids.
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