TEST BANK FOR
Medical Terminology A Living Language, 8th Edition by Bonnie F. Fremgen Suzanne S Frucht
Chapter 1-14
devo)**:Studyofhowchangesindevelopmentalprocessescontributetoevolutionarychange.**EvolutionofComplexity**:Emergenceofcomplextraitsandbiologicalstructuresoverevolutionarytime.**Bioge
ography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspeciesandhowhistoricalandecologicalfactorsinfluencepatternsofbiodiversity:**ContinentalDrift**:Movementofcontinentsanditsimpactonbiogeographicpatte
rns.**IslandBiogeography**:Patternsofspeciesdiversityonislandsinfluencedbycolonizationandextinction.**EvolutionaryEcology**:Integrationofevolutionarybiologywithecologicalprinciples,includin
g:**AdaptiveRadiation**:Ecologicalopportunitiesdrivingspeciation.**SpeciesInteractions**:Coevolutionaryrelationshipsandtheirecologicalandevolutionaryconsequences.**EvolutionaryDevelopme
nt**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including
fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus, Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent
research topics and advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary
theoryinconservation biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related tomacroevolution, reinforcing understandingofthepatterns, processes, and
implicationsofevolution at broader scales.Chapter 16 providesacomprehensive explorationofmacroevolutionary processes, including speciation, evolutionary trends, biogeography, and
theintegrationofevolutionary biology with ecology and developmental biology. It builds upon foundational knowledgeofgenetics and microevolution, preparing students forfurther exploration into
paleontology, evolutionary ecology, and interdisciplinary studiesinevolutionary biology coveredinsubsequent chaptersofthetextbook.If you have specific questions about anyofthese topics or would
like more detailed informationona particular aspectofChapter 16, feel free toask!Chapter 16of"EssentialsofBiology" by Sylvia Mader and Michael Windelspecht, titled "Evolutionona Large Scale,"
typically explores evolutionary processes that occur over longer time scales and across larger taxonomic groups. Here’s an overviewofwhat you might findinthis chapter:**Introduction
toMacroevolution**:Definitionofmacroevolution as evolutionary patterns and processes that occur above thespecies level, leading tothediversificationoflife forms over geologic time
scales.**Speciation**:Detailed explorationofspeciation, theprocess by which new species arise:**Allopatric Speciation**: Geographic isolation leading toreproductive isolation.**Sympatric
Speciation**: Speciation occurring within thesame geographic area due tofactors like polyploidy or habitat differentiation.**Parapatric Speciation**: Speciation occurringinadjacent but different
habitats.**PatternsofMacroevolution**:Examinationofmajor patterns and trends observedinthefossil record and biological diversity:**Adaptive Radiation**: Diversification ofasingle ancestral species
intoavarietyofecological niches.**Extinction Events**: Mass extinctions and their impactonbiodiversity.**Convergent Evolution**: Independent evolutionofsimilar traitsinunrelated
lineages.**Evolutionary Trends**:Analysisofevolutionary trends observedinvarious taxonomic groups:**Coevolution**: Reciprocal evolutionary changes between interacting species (e.g., predator-
prey, host-parasite).**Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-devo)**: Studyofhow changesindevelopmental processes contribute toevolutionary change.**EvolutionofComplexity**:
Emergenceofcomplex traits and biological structures over evolutionary time.**Biogeography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspecies and how historical and ecological factors influence
patternsofbiodiversity:**Continental Drift**: Movementofcontinents and its impactonbiogeographic patterns.**Island Biogeography**: Patternsofspecies diversityonislands influenced by
colonization and extinction.**Evolutionary Ecology**:Integrationofevolutionary biology with ecological principles, including:**Adaptive Radiation**: Ecological opportunities driving
speciation.**Species Interactions**: Coevolutionary relationships and their ecological and evolutionary consequences.**Evolutionary Development**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental
processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus,
Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent research topics and
advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary theoryinconservation
biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related
Chapter 1 Introduction to Medical Terminology
1.1 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
All answers to questions asking for a combining form must be written in the combining form style,
meaning word root/combining vowel. For example, a combining form meaning heart is cardi/o.
All answers to questions asking for a suffix must be written in suffix form, meaning a hyphen
before your answer. For example, the suffix meaning cell is -cyte. All answers to questions asking
for a prefix must be written in prefix form, meaning a hyphen after your answer. For example, a
prefix meaning two is bi-.
Do not capitalize any of your answers or include a period at the end of your answer. The computer
will not recognize your answer as correct if it is written in any other style.
1) The combining form that means life is .
Answer: bi/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
2) The combining form that means cancer is .
Answer: carcin/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
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Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.
, Question Type: Word Building
3) The combining form that means heart is .
Answer: cardi/o
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Question Type: Word Building
4) The combining form that means chemical is .
Answer: chem/o
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Question Type: Word Building
5) The combining form that means to cut is .
Answer: cis/o
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Question Type: Word Building
6) The combining form that means skin is .
Answer: dermat/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
7) The combining form that means small intestine is .
Answer: enter/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
devo)**:Studyofhowchangesindevelopmentalprocessescontributetoevolutionarychange.**EvolutionofComplexity**:Emergenceofcomplextraitsandbiologicalstructuresoverevolutionarytime.**Biogeogr
aphy**:Explorationofthedistributionofspeciesandhowhistoricalandecologicalfactorsinfluencepatternsofbiodiversity:**ContinentalDrift**:Movementofcontinentsanditsimpactonbiogeographicpatterns.**
IslandBiogeography**:Patternsofspeciesdiversityonislandsinfluencedbycolonizationandextinction.**EvolutionaryEcology**:Integrationofevolutionarybiologywithecologicalprinciples,including:**Adap
tiveRadiation**:Ecologicalopportunitiesdrivingspeciation.**SpeciesInteractions**:Coevolutionaryrelationshipsandtheirecologicalandevolutionaryconsequences.**EvolutionaryDevelopment**:Discussi
onontheroleofdevelopmental processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including fossil evidence
(e.g., Australopithecus, Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent research topics and
advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary theoryinconservation
biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related tomacroevolution, reinforcing understandingofthepatterns, processes, and implicationsofevolution
at broader scales.Chapter 16 providesacomprehensive explorationofmacroevolutionary processes, including speciation, evolutionary trends, biogeography, and theintegrationofevolutionary biology
with ecology and developmental biology. It builds upon foundational knowledgeofgenetics and microevolution, preparing students forfurther exploration into paleontology, evolutionary ecology, and
interdisciplinary studiesinevolutionary biology coveredinsubsequent chaptersofthetextbook.If you have specific questions about anyofthese topics or would like more detailed informationona particular
aspectofChapter 16, feel free toask!Chapter 16of"EssentialsofBiology" by Sylvia Mader and Michael Windelspecht, titled "Evolutionona Large Scale," typically explores evolutionary processes that
occur over longer time scales and across larger taxonomic groups. Here’s an overviewofwhat you might findinthis chapter:**Introduction toMacroevolution**:Definitionofmacroevolution as
evolutionary patterns and processes that occur above thespecies level, leading tothediversificationoflife forms over geologic time scales.**Speciation**:Detailed explorationofspeciation, theprocess by
which new species arise:**Allopatric Speciation**: Geographic isolation leading toreproductive isolation.**Sympatric Speciation**: Speciation occurring within thesame geographic area due tofactors
like polyploidy or habitat differentiation.**Parapatric Speciation**: Speciation occurringinadjacent but different habitats.**PatternsofMacroevolution**:Examinationofmajor patterns and trends
observedinthefossil record and biological diversity:**Adaptive Radiation**: Diversification ofasingle ancestral species intoavarietyofecological niches.**Extinction Events**: Mass extinctions and their
impactonbiodiversity.**Convergent Evolution**: Independent evolutionofsimilar traitsinunrelated lineages.**Evolutionary Trends**:Analysisofevolutionary trends observedinvarious taxonomic
groups:**Coevolution**: Reciprocal evolutionary changes between interacting species (e.g., predator-prey, host-parasite).**Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-devo)**: Studyofhow
changesindevelopmental processes contribute toevolutionary change.**EvolutionofComplexity**: Emergenceofcomplex traits and biological structures over evolutionary
time.**Biogeography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspecies and how historical and ecological factors influence patternsofbiodiversity:**Continental Drift**: Movementofcontinents and its
impactonbiogeographic patterns.**Island Biogeography**: Patternsofspecies diversityonislands influenced by colonization and extinction.**Evolutionary Ecology**:Integrationofevolutionary biology
with ecological principles, including:**Adaptive Radiation**: Ecological opportunities driving speciation.**Species Interactions**: Coevolutionary relationships and their ecological and evolutionary
consequences.**Evolutionary Development**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human
Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus, Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human
2
Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.
,populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent research topics and advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic
approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary theoryinconservation biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related
8) The combining form that means stomach is .
Answer: gastr/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
9) The combining form that means female is .
Answer: gynec/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
10) The combining form that means blood is .
Answer: hemat/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
11) The combining form that means protection is .
Answer: immun/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
12) The combining form that means voice box is _ .
Answer: laryng/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
devo)**:Studyofhowchangesindevelopmentalprocessescontributetoevolutionarychange.**EvolutionofComplexity**:Emergenceofcomplextraitsandbiologicalstructuresoverevolutionarytime.**Bioge
ography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspeciesandhowhistoricalandecologicalfactorsinfluencepatternsofbiodiversity:**ContinentalDrift**:Movementofcontinentsanditsimpactonbiogeographicpatte
rns.**IslandBiogeography**:Patternsofspeciesdiversityonislandsinfluencedbycolonizationandextinction.**EvolutionaryEcology**:Integrationofevolutionarybiologywithecologicalprinciples,includin
g:**AdaptiveRadiation**:Ecologicalopportunitiesdrivingspeciation.**SpeciesInteractions**:Coevolutionaryrelationshipsandtheirecologicalandevolutionaryconsequences.**EvolutionaryDevelopme
nt**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including
fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus, Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent
research topics and advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary
theoryinconservation biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related tomacroevolution, reinforcing understandingofthepatterns, processes, and
implicationsofevolution at broader scales.Chapter 16 providesacomprehensive explorationofmacroevolutionary processes, including speciation, evolutionary trends, biogeography, and
theintegrationofevolutionary biology with ecology and developmental biology. It builds upon foundational knowledgeofgenetics and microevolution, preparing students forfurther exploration into
paleontology, evolutionary ecology, and interdisciplinary studiesinevolutionary biology coveredinsubsequent chaptersofthetextbook.If you have specific questions about anyofthese topics or would
like more detailed informationona particular aspectofChapter 16, feel free toask!Chapter 16of"EssentialsofBiology" by Sylvia Mader and Michael Windelspecht, titled "Evolutionona Large Scale,"
typically explores evolutionary processes that occur over longer time scales and across larger taxonomic groups. Here’s an overviewofwhat you might findinthis chapter:**Introduction
toMacroevolution**:Definitionofmacroevolution as evolutionary patterns and processes that occur above thespecies level, leading tothediversificationoflife forms over geologic time
scales.**Speciation**:Detailed explorationofspeciation, theprocess by which new species arise:**Allopatric Speciation**: Geographic isolation leading toreproductive isolation.**Sympatric
Speciation**: Speciation occurring within thesame geographic area due tofactors like polyploidy or habitat differentiation.**Parapatric Speciation**: Speciation occurringinadjacent but different
habitats.**PatternsofMacroevolution**:Examinationofmajor patterns and trends observedinthefossil record and biological diversity:**Adaptive Radiation**: Diversification ofasingle ancestral species
intoavarietyofecological niches.**Extinction Events**: Mass extinctions and their impactonbiodiversity.**Convergent Evolution**: Independent evolutionofsimilar traitsinunrelated
lineages.**Evolutionary Trends**:Analysisofevolutionary trends observedinvarious taxonomic groups:**Coevolution**: Reciprocal evolutionary changes between interacting species (e.g., predator-
prey, host-parasite).**Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-devo)**: Studyofhow changesindevelopmental processes contribute toevolutionary change.**EvolutionofComplexity**:
Emergenceofcomplex traits and biological structures over evolutionary time.**Biogeography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspecies and how historical and ecological factors influence
patternsofbiodiversity:**Continental Drift**: Movementofcontinents and its impactonbiogeographic patterns.**Island Biogeography**: Patternsofspecies diversityonislands influenced by
colonization and extinction.**Evolutionary Ecology**:Integrationofevolutionary biology with ecological principles, including:**Adaptive Radiation**: Ecological opportunities driving
speciation.**Species Interactions**: Coevolutionary relationships and their ecological and evolutionary consequences.**Evolutionary Development**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental
processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus,
Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent research topics and
advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary theoryinconservation
3
Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.
, biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related
13) The combining form that means kidney is .
Answer: nephr/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
14) The combining form that means nerve is .
Answer: neur/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
15) A combining form that means eye is _.
Answer: ophthalm/o
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Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
16) The combining form that means ear is .
Answer: ot/o
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Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
Question Type: Word Building
devo)**:Studyofhowchangesindevelopmentalprocessescontributetoevolutionarychange.**EvolutionofComplexity**:Emergenceofcomplextraitsandbiologicalstructuresoverevolutionarytime.**Bioge
ography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspeciesandhowhistoricalandecologicalfactorsinfluencepatternsofbiodiversity:**ContinentalDrift**:Movementofcontinentsanditsimpactonbiogeographicpatte
rns.**IslandBiogeography**:Patternsofspeciesdiversityonislandsinfluencedbycolonizationandextinction.**EvolutionaryEcology**:Integrationofevolutionarybiologywithecologicalprinciples,includin
g:**AdaptiveRadiation**:Ecologicalopportunitiesdrivingspeciation.**SpeciesInteractions**:Coevolutionaryrelationshipsandtheirecologicalandevolutionaryconsequences.**EvolutionaryDevelopme
nt**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including
fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus, Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent
research topics and advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary
theoryinconservation biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related tomacroevolution, reinforcing understandingofthepatterns, processes, and
implicationsofevolution at broader scales.Chapter 16 providesacomprehensive explorationofmacroevolutionary processes, including speciation, evolutionary trends, biogeography, and
theintegrationofevolutionary biology with ecology and developmental biology. It builds upon foundational knowledgeofgenetics and microevolution, preparing students forfurther exploration into
paleontology, evolutionary ecology, and interdisciplinary studiesinevolutionary biology coveredinsubsequent chaptersofthetextbook.If you have specific questions about anyofthese topics or would
like more detailed informationona particular aspectofChapter 16, feel free toask!Chapter 16of"EssentialsofBiology" by Sylvia Mader and Michael Windelspecht, titled "Evolutionona Large Scale,"
typically explores evolutionary processes that occur over longer time scales and across larger taxonomic groups. Here’s an overviewofwhat you might findinthis chapter:**Introduction
toMacroevolution**:Definitionofmacroevolution as evolutionary patterns and processes that occur above thespecies level, leading tothediversificationoflife forms over geologic time
scales.**Speciation**:Detailed explorationofspeciation, theprocess by which new species arise:**Allopatric Speciation**: Geographic isolation leading toreproductive isolation.**Sympatric
Speciation**: Speciation occurring within thesame geographic area due tofactors like polyploidy or habitat differentiation.**Parapatric Speciation**: Speciation occurringinadjacent but different
habitats.**PatternsofMacroevolution**:Examinationofmajor patterns and trends observedinthefossil record and biological diversity:**Adaptive Radiation**: Diversification ofasingle ancestral species
intoavarietyofecological niches.**Extinction Events**: Mass extinctions and their impactonbiodiversity.**Convergent Evolution**: Independent evolutionofsimilar traitsinunrelated
lineages.**Evolutionary Trends**:Analysisofevolutionary trends observedinvarious taxonomic groups:**Coevolution**: Reciprocal evolutionary changes between interacting species (e.g., predator-
prey, host-parasite).**Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-devo)**: Studyofhow changesindevelopmental processes contribute toevolutionary change.**EvolutionofComplexity**:
Emergenceofcomplex traits and biological structures over evolutionary time.**Biogeography**:Explorationofthedistributionofspecies and how historical and ecological factors influence
patternsofbiodiversity:**Continental Drift**: Movementofcontinents and its impactonbiogeographic patterns.**Island Biogeography**: Patternsofspecies diversityonislands influenced by
colonization and extinction.**Evolutionary Ecology**:Integrationofevolutionary biology with ecological principles, including:**Adaptive Radiation**: Ecological opportunities driving
speciation.**Species Interactions**: Coevolutionary relationships and their ecological and evolutionary consequences.**Evolutionary Development**:Discussionontheroleofdevelopmental
processesinshaping evolutionary trajectories and patternsofphenotypic variation.**Human Evolution**:Overviewofhuman evolutionary history, including fossil evidence (e.g., Australopithecus,
Homo species) and genetic studies revealing relationships among modern human populations.**Emerging TopicsinMacroevolution**:Introduction tocurrent research topics and
advancementsinmacroevolutionary studies, such as evolutionary responses toclimate change, genomic approaches tounderstanding macroevolution, and theroleofevolutionary theoryinconservation
biology.**Summary and Key Concepts**:The chapter concludes withasummaryofkey concepts related
17) The combining form that means disease is .
Answer: path/o
Page Ref: 4
Learning Obj.: 2
Taxonomy: Remembering
4
Copyright © 2024 Pearson Education, Inc.
