Exam (elaborations)
RESNA ATP PREP- ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TERMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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RESNA ATP PREP- ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY TERMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024
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RESNA ATP PREP- ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGYTERMS
ACCOMMODATION - ANSWERS-The act or process of adapting to change in the
physiologic or physiological environment to maintain homeostasis.
Alzheimer's disease - ANSWERS-A progressive degenerative brain disease
characterized by diffuse atrophy throughout the cerebral cortex, along with senile
plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
Dupuytren's contracture - ANSWERS-A progressive, painless thickening,
shortening, and fibrosis of the subcutaneous tissues of the palm, producing a
flexion derformity of a finger. The fourth and fifth fingers are most commonly
affected.
Alopecia - ANSWERS-Total or partial hair loss resulting from such conditions as
normal aging, endocrine or skin disorder, cancer chemotherapy, or drug
reactions.
dysphonia - ANSWERS-difficulty speaking: any impairment of the voice
dyspnea - ANSWERS-Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, or labored
breathing resulting from certain heart conditions, anxiety, or strenuous exercise.
,Atonia - ANSWERS-Lack of normal muscle tone or strength.
Direct Selection - ANSWERS-points directly at the item without having to wait for
options to be presented. Pointing can be done with the finger or hand or toe, or
with any number of pointing tools or even by handing a symbol to the partner.
five types of direction selection - ANSWERS-Pointing with physical contact and
force
Pointing without physical contact
Pointing with contact and no force
Pick up and exchange
Voice recognition or speech input
Pointing with physical contact and force - ANSWERS-In this method, a user points
and presses to select an item using a finger, the whole hand, a headwand,
mouthstick or even a toe.
Pointing without physical contact - ANSWERS-You can point without actually
touching an object to select it. Some examples of this method are
eye gazing at an item (requires a partner to read the gaze)
using a light pointer
using an infrared pointer
, Pointing with contact and no force - ANSWERS-Some people have the ability to
touch items but don't have much physical strength or endurance. Others may not
have the fine motor control needed to choose a small button or item. For both
types of individuals, AAC devices that don't rely on pressure may answer their
needs, for example a device with a touch screen:
The DynaVox 3100
DynaVox Systems, Inc.
In other cases, it is simply not necessary to push to select an item. For example, a
communication notebook requires pointing but no pressure.
Pick up and exchange - ANSWERS-Few textbooks recognize this as a method of
direct selection, but Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS) should be
seen in that light. There are some individuals who benefit more from a method of
communication that highlights communication as an "exchange" between two
people. The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is the best-known
and most well developed system of this type. However, this access method may
be considered without use of the entire PECS system.
Voice Recognition or Speech Input - ANSWERS-Beukelman and Mirenda (1998)
describe one additional form of direct selection: voice input or speech
recognition. Able-bodied individuals are familiar with this technology in hands-
free cell phones installed in expensive automobiles; the individual says something
equivalent to "phone," "call," or "office," and the phone dials his or her secretary.
This isn't yet a method of direct selection for AAC users because technology
hasn't overcome the inconsistencies that are characteristic of most speech
impairments. However, the time will come when even the most dysarthric
individual will be able to speak commands and then have the device produce
intelligible speech output.
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