What is a microorganism? ANS✔✔ Living cells found almost everywhere in the environment
What is a pathogen? ANS✔✔ Microorganism that causes disease
____________ forming bacteria are the most difficult to control and destroy ANS✔✔ Spore
What microorganism needs a host to make a protein and energy? ANS✔✔ Viruses
What are standard Precautions? ANS✔✔ A combination of universal precautions designed to reduce risk of transmission
of pathogens that involves BSI (Body Substance Isolation).
All patients are considered infected.
What are the three types of transmission based precautions, what do they entail, and what diseases do they protect
against? ANS✔✔ Airborne - tiny microorganisms from evaporated in droplets suspended in the air diseases include TB,
measles, chickenpox
Droplet - microorganisms are propelled through the air diseases include meningitis, pneumonia, streptococcal
pharyngitis, and rubella
Contact - direct contact with a susceptible host and an infected person. diseases include respiratory, skin , and wound
infections. Herpes simplex virus
What is reverse isolation and who would be eligible to receive it? ANS✔✔ Neutropenic (reverse isolation) precautions
are to keep microorganisms from the outside environment away from a patient with a weakened immune system.
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
Eligible patients include burns or bone marrow transplants. HIV, patients undergoing chemotherapy or incredibly ill
patients.
'What is surgical asepsis? ANS✔✔ A sterile technique where no organisms are carried to the patient and microorganisms
are destroyed from surfaces before they can enter the body
What is the most frequent mode of disease transmission? ANS✔✔ Direct Contact
What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of disease? ANS✔✔ Hand Washing
How long should an individual wash their hands for? ANS✔✔ The duration will be a minimum of 10 to 15 seconds, or 2
minutes or longer depending on the potential for contamination
List the stages of infection. ANS✔✔ 1. Pathogenic Mircoorganism
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of Exit
4.Vehicle of Transmission
5. Portal of Entry
6. Susceptible Host
PRPVPS
What is virulence? ANS✔✔ The pathogens strength to cause disease
What are the NORMAL COURSE of infection? ANS✔✔ Incubation Period
Prodromal Stage
Full Stage of Illness
Convalescent Stage
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Pepper
I, PFC Infection
What is a Nosocomial Infection? ANS✔✔ Infections that patients acquire while in the health care facility
Getting sick in the hospital is not so comical
What authority allows you to dispense direction? ANS✔✔ Off line medical direction
What should you do if the dose ordered for a patient by a provider is incorrect? ANS✔✔ You should recheck the dosage
with the provider about the suitability of any medication.
What is drug tolerance? ANS✔✔ A progressive decrease in the effectiveness of a drug
What are the six rights? ANS✔✔ Right Patient
Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation
What are the signs and symptoms of mild to moderate allergic reaction? ANS✔✔ Involves a generalized body response:
Pruritis - itching
Hives or Urticaria
Reddish skin - Erythema
Swollen, watery, itchy eyes
Increased heart rate
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