BIO 311C Comprehensive Exam 2 Questions Solved Correctly.
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Course
BIO 311C
Institution
BIO 311C
Prokaryotic Cell - Answer 1. No nucleus
2. DNA in the nucleoid region
3. No proteins are attached to DNA
4. No endomembrane system
5. No organelles
6. Cell size small (1-10 μm)
Eukaryotic Cell - Answer 1. True nuclei
2. DNA within nucleus
3. Proteins (histones) are attached to DNA
...
BIO 311C Comprehensive Exam 2
Questions Solved Correctly.
Prokaryotic Cell - Answer 1. No nucleus
2. DNA in the nucleoid region
3. No proteins are attached to DNA
4. No endomembrane system
5. No organelles
6. Cell size small (1-10 μm)
Eukaryotic Cell - Answer 1. True nuclei
2. DNA within nucleus
3. Proteins (histones) are attached to DNA
4. Vast endomembrane system
5. Membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts
6. Larger cell size (10-100 μm)
Prensent in animal cells only - Answer -Centrosomes w/ centrioles
-Lysosomes
-Cilia
Present in plant cells only - Answer Cell wall
Plamodesmata
Chloroplasts
Central Vacuole
Mitochondria - Answer -Membrane bound organelles in which some cellular respiration occurs.
-Require oxygen for respiration
,-Generate most of the ATP of cell
Lysosome - Answer -Contains enzymes for digestion of many complex molecules
-Excretes digested material into cell if wanted or outside if not needed
Cytoskeleton - Answer 1. Microtubules
2. Microfilaments
3. Intermediate Filaments
Microtubules - Answer -hollow tubes of tubular protein present in all eukaryotic cells
Used for:
-cell motility
-cell shape
-chromosome
-serves as a truck for movement of organelles
Microfilaments - Answer two intertwined, solid rods of actin
actin in all eukaryotic cells, myosin only in animal cells
Used for:
-cell motility
-cell shape & change
-muscle contraction
-cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells
-cleavage furrow
Intermediate filaments - Answer -hollow tubes made up of heterogeneous proteins
-made up of 5 different proteins from the keratin family
-almost in all eukaryotic cells
Used for:
, 1. structural support
2. tensile strength
3. cell shape
4. anchoring the nucleus and theory cell organelles
5. formation of nuclear lamina
Centrosome (Cell Center) - Answer Site near nucleus where microtubules are formed
-organizes the microtubule cytoskeleton during interphase
-positions many cytoplasmic organelles
Vesicle - Answer transfer substances between membranous sacs in the cell, such as endoplasmic
reticulum and Golgi complex
Ribosomes - Answer -synthesize proteins with their catalytic ability
-found freely in the cytoplasm or attached to rough ER, mitochondria, chloroplast
-each ribosome is made up of one small subunit and one large subunit
-carry out protein synthesis by translating mRNA into chains of amino acids
Smooth ER - Answer -synthesizes lipids
-catalyzes glycogen to glucose reaction
-participates in carbohydrate metabolism
-detoxifies unwanted chemicals including drugs
Rough ER - Answer -ribosomes attached for membrane protein synthesis
-synthesizes membrane-bound proteins for secretion and modification
-synthesizes membrane from phospholipids and membrane proteins
Golgi Apparatus - Answer -central receiving & dispatching center where proteins made in the ER arrive,
sorted, and packaged into vesicles and shipped
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