Biology 121 Midterm Test Questions And Already Passed Answers.
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Course
BIO 121
Institution
BIO 121
endemic species - Answer live in only one or a very small number of places (eg island or lake)
cosmopolitan species - Answer species that occur in most regions of the world
Galapagos island - Answer - Many endemic species
- 500 spp. of vascular plants are endemic
-92% of species of...
Biology 121 Midterm Test Questions
And Already Passed Answers.
endemic species - Answer live in only one or a very small number of places (eg island or lake)
cosmopolitan species - Answer species that occur in most regions of the world
Galapagos island - Answer - Many endemic species
- 500 spp. of vascular plants are endemic
-92% of species of land birds are endemic
- 26% of marine birds are endemic
Biological adaptation - Answer an anatomical structure, physiological process or behavioural trait of an
organism that has evolved over a period of time by the process of natural selection such that it increases
the expected long-term reproductive success of the organism
Marine Iguana (spends part of time in sea) - Answer evolved:
- laterally flattened tails for swimming
- powerful limbs with strong claws (hold onto rocks)
- blunt noses for grazing on seaweed
Blue-footed booby (adapted for diving) - Answer - streamline shape, large tail, nostrils that close
- Large webbed feet propel bird through water at high speeds
- specialized salt-secreting glands manage salt intake while at sea
- uropygial gland (waterproofing)
Greater frigates (adapted for aerial life) - Answer - highest ratio of wingspan/weight
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - Answer "father of microbiology", dutch linen merchant, first
to observe living microbes, single-lens magnified up to 300X
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) - Answer Father of taxonomy
Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) - Answer Father of paleontology
Jean Baptist Lamarck (1744-1829) - Answer Defined Biology in 1802
Role of Natural History Museums - Answer -acquire, conserve, restore, manage and exhibit very
important collections of natural history, living organisms, inert collections, and databases
Deductive reasoning - Answer - specific observations are predicted from a general premise
-ex: all wasps have stingers
Inductive reasoning - Answer - general conclusions are drawn from specific observations
-ex: all hymenopterans have stingers (because bee, wasp and fire ants do)
Scientific Method - Answer 1. producing a hypothesis
2. designing and performing controlled experiments or making observations that allow data relevant to
the hypothesis to be collected
,3. analyzing the data in an objective way against the background of existing knowledge; and
4. drawing conclusions that support or refute the hypothesis
Polar Bear (Ursus Maritimus) - Answer Adapted to:
- live in cold temps
- moving across snow, ice & open water
- hunt for prey
Adaptations of polar bear - Answer - thick white fur for insulation and camouflage
- small ear reduce heat loss
- sharp claws and teeth for catching & eating prey
- strong legs for swimming and running to catch prey
- large feet spread body mass on ice and snow
- fur on feet soles for insulation and grip
- thick layer of blubber for insulation and energy storage
abiotic factors - Answer Nonliving components of environment. (water, fire , wind, gases, pH, salts, etc)
Biotic factors - Answer any living component that affects another organism or shapes the ecosystem.
This includes both animals that consume other organisms within their ecosystem, and the organism that
is being consumed.
7 factors of life - Answer 1. consist of one or more cells (that contain DNA)
2. Requires a constant output of energy and raw materials
3. Conduct metabolism
4. grow/develop
5. exhibit homeostasis
6. make short-term responses to stimuli
7. reproduce
, -Life is organized but it takes energy
Life adapts through evolution: - Answer - the physical, chemical & behavioural characteristics of life
change.
- populations of living organisms change over the course of many generations
- evolution results in traits that promote survival and reproductive success
- evolution is possible only because of numerous variations that exist within each species
Cells - Answer 1. basic structural & functional units of all living organisms
2. contain DNA, cell membranes and ribosomes
3. produced from the division of pre-existing cells
4. have basically the same chemical comporsition
Surface area to volume ratio - Answer As cells increase in size, there is a point where the plasma
membrane/cell wall can't [ass enough material across it to meet the needs of the increased cytoplasmic
volume
Bacteria size - Answer most are 0.2 micro meters in diameter and 2-8 micrometers in length
Protists size - Answer 0.8-100 micrometers
Prokaryotes - Answer - DNA organized in a single chromosome. No mitosis
- no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
- have cell membrane, DNA, Ribosome
Eukaryotes - Answer - DNA organized in multiple chromosomes inside nucleus.
- Mitotic division
- Nucleus and Mebrane bound organelles
Autotrophs - Answer synthesize their own food
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