Class notes
BSC 2086C Circulatory System Notes
- Course
- BSC 2086C
- Institution
- Florida State College At Jacksonville
This is a comprehensive and detailed note on the circulatory system for BSC 2086C. *Essential Study Material!!
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Blood leaves the heartBlood passes through arteries
Blood flows through capillaries
Blood moves through veins
Blood returns to the heart
Blood flows from the heart through elastic arteries,
muscular arteries, and arterioles to the capillaries.
Blood returns to the heart from the capillaries through
venules, small veins, and large veins.
Artery: A blood vessel that carries blood AWAY from the
heart to tissues and organs in the body. It has 3 layers:
Tunica intima = epithelial tissue
Tunica media = smooth muscle tissue
Tunica externa = connective tissue
3 Types of Arteries:
- Elastic (conducting): greater amount of elastic
tissue, smaller amount of muscle tissue
- Muscular (distributing): greater amount of muscle
tissue
- Arterioles: no elastic tissue, small amount of
muscle tissue
,Capillary: Any of the fine*branching blood vessels that
form a network between the*arterioles and*venules
- Thinnest blood vessel
- Capillary wall consists of a single layer of
endothelial cells, basement membrane and loose
connective tissue
3 Types of Capillaries:
Continuous: Most common capillary. Contains small
gaps in the endothelial cells to allow nutrients to
pass through
Fenestrated: More permeable than continuous
capillaries. Contains small pores AND gaps to
exchange larger molecules
Sinusoidal: Rarest and leakiest capillary. Contains
large gaps, small gaps, AND pores to exchange large
molecules and cells
A capillary network is*any of the minute vessels that
connect the arterioles and venules, forming a network in
nearly all parts of the body.
- Blood flows from arterioles to the capillary network
through metarterioles
- Blood flows from metarterioles into a thoroughfare
channel
- The thoroughfare channel branches into the capillary
network
- Blood flows through the capillary network into the
venules
, - The function of a thoroughfare channel is to provide
a direct flow of blood from the arterioles to the
venules
- Capillary networks are more numerous and more
extensive in highly metabolic tissues, such as in the
lungs, liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle, and cardiac
muscle. Capillaries in the skin function in
thermoregulation. Heat loss results from the flow of a
large volume of blood through them. Capillary
networks in the skin have many more thoroughfare
channels than capillary networks in cardiac or
skeletal muscle. The major function of the capillaries
in these muscle tissues is nutrient and waste
exchange
Arteriovenous Anastomoses: Vascular connections
that allow blood to flow directly from arterioles to small
veins without passing through capillaries
Glomus: An arteriovenous anastomosis that consists of
arterioles with abundant smooth muscle in their walls
Function: Regulates body temperature by regulating
blood flow through the hands and feet
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