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Med Surg FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Med Surg FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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Med Surg FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITHCOMPLETE SOLUTIONS
A 13-year-old is being evaluated for lupus. The teen asks who is
at risk for this condition. What information can be provided by
the nurse? Select all that apply.
"Females are at a higher risk than males."
"There are certain groups such as Hispanics and African
Americans who are at an increased risk for the disease."
"Excessive sun exposure is linked to the development of lupus."
"Family history does not seem to play a factor for this
condition."
"Some clients will have had a recent infection." Correct Answer
"Females are at a higher risk than males."
"Excessive sun exposure is linked to the development of lupus."
"Some clients will have had a recent infection."
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem
autoimmune disorder that affects both humoral and cellular
immunity. SLE can affect any organ system, so the onset and
course of the disease are quite variable. There are some
identified risk factors including female gender. Groups such
African Americans or those of Asian descent have a higher
incidence of lupus. Hispanics are not at an increased risk.
Family history does have a role in this condition. A recent
infection may be reported by some diagnosed with the condition.
A 20-year-old client arrives at the emergency department by
ambulance. The client is unconscious, with slow respirations and
pinpoint pupils. There are "tracks" visible on the client's arms.
,The friend who came with the client reports that the client had
just "shot up" heroin when the client became unconscious.
Which medication would the nurse most likely expect to
administer?
Naloxone Naltrexone Bupropion Varenicline Correct Answer
Naloxone
Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, is given to reverse respiratory
depression, sedation, and hypertension. Naltrexone is used to
treat alcohol dependence. Bupropion and varenicline are used to
promote smoking cessation.
A 22-year-old woman has received an organ transplant and is on
cyclosporine therapy. The nurse will encourage her to avoid
crowds and limit social activities while on the medication due
to:
increased sedation. episodes of extreme dizziness. increased risk
of infections. frequent migraine headaches. Correct Answer
increased risk of infections.
Cyclosporine therapy suppresses the immune system to limit
immune reactions directed toward the new organ; however, the
suppression also causes a generalized increased susceptibility to
infection. Patients taking cyclosporine should avoid exposure to
infections by avoiding crowds and promptly reporting injuries or
signs of infection. The drug is not known to cause sedation,
extreme dizziness, or migraine headaches.
,A 25-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus
erythematosus was admitted with a severe viral respiratory tract
infection and diffuse petechiae. Based on these data, it is most
important that the nurse further evaluate the client's recent:
quality and quantity of food intake.
type and amount of fluid intake.
extent of weakness and fatigue.
Length and amount of menstrual flow. Correct Answer Length
and amount of menstrual flow.
A recent viral infection in a female client between the ages of 20
and 30 with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus and an
insidious onset of diffuse petechiae are hallmarks of idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura. It is important to ask whether the
client's recent menses have been lengthened or are heavier.
Determining her ability to clot can help determine her risk of
increased bleeding tendency until a platelet count is drawn.
Petechiae are not caused by poor nutrition. Because of poor food
and fluid intake or weakness and fatigue, the client may have
gotten bruises from falling or bumping into things, but not
petechiae.
A 53-year-old female hospital patient has received a kidney
transplant following renal failure secondary to hypertension. As
part of the teaching while she was on the organ wait list, she was
made aware that she would need to take anti-rejection drugs for
the rest of her life. Which aspect of the immune system
underlies this necessity?
, The lack of identifiable major histocompatibility complex
(MHC) molecules will stimulate the innate immune response.
Donor organ antibodies will be identified as foreign and
stimulate an immune response.
Anti-rejection drugs will stimulate the production of familiar
MHC molecules.
MHC molecules will never develop in the cells of the donor
organ and effector cells will be continually stimulated. Correct
Answer MHC molecules will never develop in the cells of the
donor organ and effector cells will be continually stimulated.
The lack of familiar MHC molecules will stimulate an immune
response by effector cells in the absence of anti-rejection drugs.
An innate immune response is not central to the response, but
rather the adaptive immune system. Lack of known MHC
molecules, not foreign antibodies, accounts for the immune
response, and familiar MHC molecules will not be produced by
the donor kidney cells.
A 6-year-old child is brought to the pediatric clinic for the
assessment of redness and discharge from the eye and is
diagnosed with viral conjunctivitis. What is the most important
information to discuss with the parents and child?
Handwashing can prevent the spread of the disease to others.
The importance of compliance with antibiotic therapy Signs and
symptoms of complications, such as meningitis and septicemia
The likely need for surgery to prevent scarring of the
conjunctiva Correct Answer Handwashing can prevent the
spread of the disease to others.
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