HLT 230 Midterm Exam Questions
and Answers All Correct
When there are excess carbs it is stored as ___________ in ________then as
______________ - Answer- glycogen in liver, fat
absorption of short-chain fatty acids from bacterial fermentation of soluble fibers occurs
in _____________, the rest of carbohydrate absorption occurs in - Answer- large
intestine, small intestine
each serving of fruits or veggies has _________ g of carbs,
dairy and protein has ___________ g - Answer- 30/15
pancreas releases ________ and ____________ - Answer- insulin and glucagon
insulin helps lower blood glucose levels, glucose either absorbed by cells or stored as
glycogen in liver
glucagon helps increase blood glucose levels, breaking down gylcogen in liver into
glucose in blood
homeostasis blood glucose levels - Answer- 90mg/100 mL
low glycemic response occurs with what type of meals - Answer- mixed healthy meals
with less refined and processed foods
Sugars - Answer- simple carbohydrates
dietary fiber - Answer- a source of energy for bacteria in the large intestine
soluble fiber - Answer- binds chloesterol
slows glucose absorption
delays stomach emptying
binds to used bile salts, forces liver to use cholesterol to make new bile salts
lowers cholesterol and glucose levels
apples, bananas, citrus fruits, carrots, oats, barley, beans, thickeners added to foods
insoluble fiber - Answer- increases fecal bulk, eases bowel movements
all plants, wheat, wheat bran, rye, brown rice, vegetables, whole grains
, PEM - Answer- diet lacks protein and energy
kwashiorkor - Answer- a type of PEM that occurs when breastfeeding stops abruptly
marasmus - Answer- a type of PEM that results in extreme weight loss and starvation
marasmic kwashiorkor - Answer- PEM with edema and wasting
best ways to thaw food - Answer- microwave, refrigerator, cold running water
danger zone - Answer- 40-140
what food group is most likely to support the growth of food-borne pathogens - Answer-
protein rich food
eclampsia - Answer- gestational hypertension with convulsions, second leading cause
of death among pregnant women
human milk may be low in - Answer- fluoride iron vitamin D
adolescents are at risk of - Answer- iron deficiency, low calcium intake, obesity
major function of carbohydrates - Answer- major source of energy (most forms)
major function of proteins - Answer- production of structural and functional components,
cellular development, growth and maintenance, regulation of body processes, immune
function, fluid balance, source of energy (after carb and fat)
make, maintain and repair cells
build structures
produce enzymes, lubricants, clotting compounds
transport substances
make antibodies and certain hormones (insulin and glucagon are proteins)
maintain proper fluid and acid/base balance
provide energy
major function of lipids - Answer- source of energy (fats), cellular development, physical
growth and development, regulation of body processes, absorption of fat-soluble
vitamins
major function of water - Answer- maintenance of fluid balance, regulates body temp,
elimination of waste, transportation of substances, participant in chemical reactions
