©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/3/2024 9:54 PM
CMCP Final review Exam Study Guide.
ASA - answer✔1- healthy pt w/ no systemic disease
2- II - pt w/ mild systemic disease
3- III - pt w/ systemic disease that affects their quality of life but not entirely incapacitating
4- IV - pt with systemic disease that is largely incapacitating (DO NOT SEE THEM IN CLINIC)
5- V - pt w/ systemic disease that is not expected to survive next 24 hrs
Vital Signs - answer✔pulse: 60-100 bpm
blood pressure: diastolic- < 90, systolic- <120
Respirations: 12-20
Temp: 98 degrees F or 36 degrees C
Premed, uses, regime, when to use - answer✔MEDICAL HISTORY SHOULD BE REVIEWED
@ BEGINNING OF EACH APPT
*if premed is needed, suspicion of an undiagnosed condition, abnormal vital signs
History of excessive bleeding, anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy (blood thinners), HIV/AIDS
(include a t-cell count), immunosuppressive therapy, radiation therapy within 6 months, hepatitis
carrier, organ transplant, cancer/leukemia, chemo within 6 months, joint replacement.
Endocarditis, bacteria, most common valve lesions, when to premed. Antibiotic Cross
resistance? - answer✔Infective endocarditis: •Disease caused by microbial infection of the heart
valves or endocardium usually associate w/ congenital or acquired cardiac defects (BE or BEA)
**bacteria is the causative factor
streptococci - approximately 90%
Staphylococci- IV drug users
candidial - yeast infections
Iatrogenic valve damage: caused by certain Migraine medications & appetite suppressants (phen
fen)
, ©SIRJOEL EXAM SOLUTIONS
10/3/2024 9:54 PM
Prosthetic valve endocarditis- infection of prosthetic heart valves
-usually valvular, MITRAL VALVE is the most affected. (aortic, mitral, then bicuspid valves)
When to pre-med- - answer✔Prosthetic cardiac valve, previous IE, Congenital heart disease,
cardiac transplant
Emergency Drug kit, Uses, Contraindications - answer✔Midazolam (anticonvulsant), Albuterol
(bronchodilator), epinephrine (epi pen), diphenhydramine (antihistamine), Aspirin, Nitroglycerin
(angina), Morphine (heart attack)(NOT IN CLINIC KIT), ammonia capsules (syncope)
Most common congenital heart defects - answer✔Tetralogy of fallot- most common of the
congenital cardiac defect that causes cyanosis. Ventricular septal defect- most common heart
lesion
Reasons Risk factors Med Emer Increased - answer✔Increased number if older patients, Medical
advances making ppl live longer, longer appointments, increased drug use
Med History how often reviewed, types - answer✔MED HISTORY REVIEWED EVERY
APPOINTMENT!!!
Types: medical history form, interview, physical exam
Types of questionnaires- system oriented, disease oriented, symptom oriented, culture oriented
Causes for gingival enlargement hyperplasia - answer✔Leukemia, cyclosporine, Calcium
channel blockers cause gingival hyperplasia
Drug/ vs allergic reactions - answer✔Adverse drug reactions-
more frequently encountered
Pharmalogic encounter (85%)
Allergic reactions-
Basic defense system mechanisms such as skin, and lining of nasal passages, dont block the
antigen from entering the system (15%)
S+S hyperventilation - answer✔tightness in chest, suffocating feeling, dizzy, tachycardia,
palpitations, shortness of breath
S+S hypotension drugs to treat - answer✔Dizziness or lightheadedness.Nausea.Fainting
(syncope)Dehydration and unusual thirst.Dehydration can sometimes cause blood pressure to
drop. However, dehydration does not always cause low blood pressure. ...Lack of
concentration.Blurred vision.Cold, clammy, pale skin.
prevent hypotension (low bp) by gradually changing pt's position throughout treatment NO
NITROGLYCERIN
