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NUR2214 c Exam 2 Study Guide
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10/16/24, 1:31 NUR2214 c Exam 2 StudyPM Guide
Prioritization - ABCs and Maslow’s hierarchy
Changes in mobility are normal across the
lifespan.
In traction remember the 5P’s - Pain, Palor, Pulse, Paralysis,
Parasthesia What is the second question we ask for pain? What is
their goal?
When it comes to heart defects what is a genetic condition often associated with
them? Down syndrome or Trisomy 21
The most common medication given for osteoporosis is Actonel (biophosphonate
class) used for prevention and treatment
• Teach patients to take drug on an empty stomach first thing in the morning with
a full glass of water to help prevent esophagitis, esophageal ulcers, and gastric ulcers.
• Remind patients to take drug 30 minutes before food, drink, and other drugs
to prevent interactions.
• Instruct the patient to remain upright, sitting or standing, for 30 minutes
after taking the drug to help prevent esophagitis (esophageal inflammation).
• Instruct the patient to have a dental examination before starting the drug
because it can cause jaw and maxillary osteonecrosis, particular if oral hygiene is poor.
• Do not give the drug to patients who are sensitive to aspirin because
bronchoconstriction may occur.
• For IV drug, infuse over 15-30 minutes to prevent rare complications such as atrial fibrillation.
• For IV drug, check the patient's serum creatinine before and after
administering the medication because it can cause renal insufficiency or
chronic kidney disease.
Osteoporsis - (Iggy)
- increased bone reabsorption osteoclastic (bone resorption) activity is greater
than osteoblastic (bone building) activity.
- spine, hip, and wrist are most often at risk, although any bone can fracture. Euro-
American
- postmenopausal women have a 50% chance of having an osteoporotic-
related (fragility) fracture in their lifetime
- Lactose intolerance may lead to Vit D deficit = bone demineralization
- Walking is a good weight bearing exercise to increase bone density
- Common in Euro-caucasian women who have kyphosis (stopped posture),
causes issues with balance
- Home safety - handrails, slip proof pads for rugs, adequate lighting, grab bars, bath
mats,
- Decrease in estrogen increases risk
- Hypocalcemia - calcium leaves the bones leaving them brittle and more likely to
break
- patients taking chronic steroids to take calcium, 1200 to 1500mg daily, plus
vitamin D, 400mg daily, to help prevent osteoporosis
- X- ray 2-3 yrs to monitor bone density
- Additional problems in young adults with CF osteoporosis (early onset) and DM
- Eating disorders at risk deficient in calcium and Vit D
- Family or genetic history
-
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, 10/16/24, 1:31 NUR2214 c Exam 2 Study
PM Guide
Assessing Risk Factors for Primary Osteoporosis
Assess for these nonmodifiable risk factors:
• Older age in both genders and all races
• Parental history of osteoporosis, especially mother
• History of low-trauma fracture after age 50 years
Assess for these modifiable risk factors:
• Low body weight, thin build
• Chronic low calcium and/or vitamin D intake
• Estrogen or androgen deficiency
• Current smoking (active or passive)
• High alcohol intake (three or more drinks a day)
• Lack of physical exercise or prolonged immobility
-Loss of height picture - hunchback, what else would you be concerned about? Fall
risk and fractures *All the wrong answers discuss the same thing
about:blan 2/
k 12
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