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CMN 568 Final Exam Questions and Answers Incidence of Fever - Answer-One of most common reasons for parents to seek medical care. Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year. Definition of fever - Answer-Rectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F Tympanic $12.49   Add to cart

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CMN 568 Final Exam Questions and Answers Incidence of Fever - Answer-One of most common reasons for parents to seek medical care. Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year. Definition of fever - Answer-Rectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F Tympanic

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CMN 568 Final Exam Questions and Answers Incidence of Fever - Answer-One of most common reasons for parents to seek medical care. Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year. Definition of fever - Answer-Rectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F Tympanic temperature - Answer-Not accurate i...

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CMN 568 Final Exam Questions and
Answers

Incidence of Fever - Answer✔✔-One of most common reasons for parents to seek medical care.


Preschoolers have an average 6-8 febrile illnesses a year.


Definition of fever - Answer✔✔-Rectal temperature ≥ 100.4°F


Tympanic temperature - Answer✔✔-Not accurate in infants under 3 months


Fever Causes - Answer✔✔-Most common Benign viral illness, can also caused by bacterial or

fungal infections, drug reactions including immunizations, malignancies, autoimmune or

metabolic disorders, CNS disorders, excessive environmental temperatures.


Factors that increase likelihood of serious bacterial illness - Answer✔✔-Age under 3 months,

history of prematurity, chronic medical conditions such as immunosupression or aspenia,

previous hospitalizations, daycare. Toxic appearance


Non-Toxic appearance - Answer✔✔-Strong cry


Consolable


Alert and easy to arouse


Pink skin tones


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Good hydration; good turgor, tears, moist mucous membranes


Smiles, responsive to environment


Toxic appearance - Answer✔✔-Weak or high pitched cry


Inconsolable


Difficult to arouse


Pale, ashen, cyanotic, or mottled skin tones


Poor hydration; poor turgor, dry mucous membranes, no tears


No smile, listless, dull, infant won't alert to environment


Signs of serious illness - Answer✔✔-Fever greater than 40 (105)


Nuchal rigidity


Petechial skin rash


Seizure activity


Stridor or increased WOB


Physical exam signs of serious infection: Skin - Answer✔✔-Petechiae, rashes


Physical exam signs of serious infection: head/neck - Answer✔✔-Sunken or bulging fontanelles,

nuchal rigidity


Physical exam signs of serious infection: ears - Answer✔✔-Bulging TM, AOM, mastoiditis



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Physical exam signs of serious infection: Chest - Answer✔✔-Tachypnea, wheezing, rales, rhonchi


Physical exam signs of serious infection: Heart - Answer✔✔-Murmurs


Physical exam signs of serious infection: Abdomen - Answer✔✔-Tenderness, distension


Physical exam signs of serious infection: Musculoskeletal - Answer✔✔-Refusal to bear weight or

use an extremity, erythema/warmth over joint


Diagnostic tests for fever in infant and young child - Answer✔✔-CBC w/ Diff (WBC > 15,000 may

indicate SBI. Child with overwhelming sepsis my have WBC <5,000)


UA/ C&S: R/O UTI


CXR: R/O Pneumonia


Lumbar Puncture: R/O meningitis


Blood cultures: R/O Bacteremia


Stools for C&S: R/O Infectious diarrhea


Management of fever in infant < 4 weeks - Answer✔✔-Refer to pediatrician


Hospitalization


Full septic workup


IV antibiotics pending culture results


Management of fever in infant 4 weeks - 3Mo - Answer✔✔-Toxic appearance:



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Refer to pediatrician


Hospitalization


Full septic workup


IV antibiotics pending culture results


Non-Toxic appearance/No risk factors for SBI:


Full septic workup


Specific treatment for any diagnosed conditions


Empiric antibiotics after cultures: Rocephin 50mg/kg/day (up to 1 gm max)


Must have reliable caregiver with phone and transportation


Close followup in 24 hours


Management of fever in 3Mo to Preschool - Answer✔✔-Toxic appearance:


Septic work up


Consider hospitalization and IV antibiotics, especially if no focal source of fever can be identified


Non-Toxic appearance:


Lab work up guided by H&P


CBC with Diff


CXR if cough or dyspnea



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