Acceptance Criteria
→ The exit criteria that a component or system must satisfy in order to be accepted by
user, customer, or other authorized entity.
Acceptance Testing
→ Formal testing with respect to user needs, requirements, and business processes
conducted to determine whether or no...
ISTQB GLOSSARY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024/2025
Acceptance Criteria
→ The exit criteria that a component or system must satisfy in order to be accepted by
user, customer, or other authorized entity.
Acceptance Testing
→ Formal testing with respect to user needs, requirements, and business processes
conducted to determine whether or not a system satisfies the acceptance criteria and
to enable the user, customer or other authorized entity to determine whether or not to
accept the system.
Accuracy
→ The capability of the software product to provide the right or agreed results or effects
with the needed degree of precision.
Actor
→ User or any other person or system that interacts with the system under test in a
specific way.
Actual Result
→ The behavior produced/observed when a component or system is tested.
Ad Hoc Testing
→ Testing carried out informally; no formal test preparation takes place, no recognized
test design technique is used, there are no expectations for results and arbitrariness
guides the test execution activity
→ A statement on the values that underpin agile software development. The values are:
→ -individuals and interactions over processes and tools
→ -working software over comprehensive documentation
→ -customer collaboration over contract negotiations
→ -responding to change over following a plan.
Agile Software Development
→ A group of software development methodologies based on iterative incremental
deveolpment, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between
self-organizing cross-functional teams.
Alpha Testing
→ Simulated or actual operational testing by potential users/customers or an
independant test team at the developers site but outside the development
organization. Alpha testing is often employed for off-the-shelf software as a form of
internal acceptance testing.
API (application programming interface) Testing
→ Testing the code which enables communication between different processes, programs
and/or systems. API testing often involves negative testing, e.g., to validate the
robustness of error handling.
Attack
→ Directed and focused attempt to evaluate the quality, especially reliability, of a test
object by attempting to force specific failures to occur. See negative testing.
Audit Trail
→ A path by which the original input to a process(e.g. data) can be traced back through
the process, taking process output as a starting point. This facilitates defect analysis
and allows a process audit ti be carried out.
→ Testware used in automated testing, such as tool scripts.
Availability
→ The degree to which a component or system is operational and accessible when
required for use. Often expressed as a percentage.
Back-to-Back Testing
→ Testing in which two or more variants of a component or system are executed with the
same inputs, the outputs compared, and analyzed in cases of discrepancies.
Baseline
→ A specification or software product that has been formally reviewed or agreed upon,
that thereafter serves as the basis for further development, and that can be changed
only through a formal change process.
Basic Block
→ A sequence of one or more consecutive executable statements containing no branches.
Note: a node in a control flow graph represents a basic block.
Basis Test Set
→ A set of test cases derived from the internal structure of a component or specification
to ensure that 100% of a specified coverage criterion will be achieved.
Behavior
→ The response of a component or system to a set of input values and preconditions.
→ (1) A standard against which measurements or comparisons can be made. (2) A test
that is used to compare components or systems to each other or to a standard as in (1)
Bespoke Software
→ Software developed specifically for a set of users or customers. The opposite is off-
the-shelf software.
Best Practices
→ A superior method or innovative practice that contributes to the improved performance
of an organization under given context, usually recognized as the best by other peer
organizations.
Beta Testing
→ Operational testing by potential and/or existing customers/users at an external site
not otherwise involved with the developers, to determine whether or not a component
or system satisfies the customer/user needs and fits within the business process. Beta
testing is often employed as a form of external acceptance testing for off-the-shelf
software in order to acquire feedback from the market.
Big-bang Testing
→ An integration testing approach in which software elements, hardware elements, or
both are combined all at once into a component or an overall system, rather than in
stages. See also integration testing.
Black Box Test Design Technique
→ Procedure to derive and/or select test cases based on an analysis of the specification,
either functional or non-functional, of a component or system without reference to its
internal structure.
Black Box Testing
→ Testing, either functional or non-functional, without reference to the internal structure of
the component or system.
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