Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) correct answers The experimental hypothesis that a difference or a relationship exists
Biased Estimate correct answers An approximation for a parameter that contains systematic error so that it over- or underestimates the parameter
Bivariate correct answers concernin...
McGill PSYC 305 || with Error-free Solutions.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha) correct answers The experimental hypothesis that a difference or a
relationship exists
Biased Estimate correct answers An approximation for a parameter that contains systematic error
so that it over- or underestimates the parameter
Bivariate correct answers concerning two variables
Bonferroni correction correct answers an attempt to reduce Type 1 error by using α / #tests to
determine the critical value
Causality correct answers the assumption that a change in one variable directly brings about a
change in another variable
Central limit theorem correct answers sample means are normally distributed if the sample size is
large
Classification variable correct answers an independent variable that is observed but not
controlled by the researcher
Conservative df correct answers reduced df used to determine the critical value in the
Greenhouse-Geisser correction
Consistent Estimate correct answers An estimate (approximation to a parameter) that improves
with increasing sample size
Constant correct answers A variable with only one value
Contingency table correct answers A bivariate frequency table
Continuous Variable correct answers a numeric variable with the property that, between any two
possible values, an infinite number of theoretically possible values exist
Convenience sampling correct answers casual sampling where the population is undefined a
priori
Correlation (r or p) correct answers an indicator of bivariate linear relationship that give the
direction and strength of the relationship
Correlational study correct answers an experimental design in which the independent variables
are classification variables. No assumptions of causality can be made.
Counterbalancing correct answers in a repeated measures designs, the order of the levels of the
factor change from subject to subject in an attempt o prevent order effects
, Critical value correct answers the tabled value of the test statistics that is used to determine
significance
Crossing correct answers in an experimental design with factors A and B, every level of factor A
occurs in combination with every level of factor B
Degrees of Freedom (df) correct answers the number of values in a calculation that are without
restriction
Dependent variable (dv) correct answers the variable that is observed to assess the effect of
variation in the independent variable(s)
Descriptive statistics correct answers techniques for summarizing, tabling, or graphing sets of
data
Deviation score (x) correct answers A transformation of the raw score
Directional test correct answers one-tailed test. Only one direction of difference or relationship
supports the alternate hypothesis
Discrete Variable correct answers a numeric or non-numeric variable with the property that
possible values of the variable are separated by some values that cannot occur
Effect size correct answers the (relative) difference between the means of distributions that
represent null and alternate hypotheses
Error term correct answers in anova, the MS in the denominator of the F statistic
Estimate (or a statistic) correct answers a property of a sample that is used to approximate the
value of a parameter
Estimate (Y') correct answers in regression, the value on the regression line that is used to
approximate the value of the dependent variable
Experimental Design correct answers the planning of an experiment so that the analysis will
answer the questions of interest
Factor correct answers in anova, the independent variable
Fixed factor correct answers a factor with levels chosen for the specific purpose that only these
levels are of interest to the researcher
Fixed model correct answers an experimental design in which all factors (with the exception of
the replication factor) are fixed
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