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BSC-108 UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA EXAM 1
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BSC-108 UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA EXAM 1
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BSC-108 UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA EXAM 1What is an organelle? - Answers-Organelles are a membrane enclosed structure with a
specialized function within a eukaryotic cell.
List three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. - Answers-prokaryotic
are smaller/ simpler cells while, eukaryotic are larger and more complex cells.
prokaryotic organelles are not membrane bound, while, eukaryotic cells do have
membrane bound organelles
prokaryotic are found in bacteria and archea and eukaryotic are found in prosiest,
plants, fungi, and animals.
What is the function of the plasma membrane? - Answers-protect the cell from its
surroundings
Name three differences between animal and plant cells. - Answers-Plant cells have
central voucules, while animals cells do not.
Plant cells have a cell walls, while while animals cells do not.
Plant cells have chloroplast, while while animals cells do not.
What are the two main components of the plasma membrane? - Answers-phospholipids
Proteins
What is the function of the nucleus? - Answers-To manufacture DNA
What is the function of ribosomes? - Answers-make proteins
How does DNA control the cell? - Answers-DNA is the code that tells the cell which
types of proteins to make. It is then thse sad proteins that control and regulate cell
growth, division, communication with other cells and most other cellular functions.
What purpose does the cytoskeleton serve? - Answers-cytoskeleton gives a cell its
shape, offers support, and facilitates movement.
What types of molecules form the cytoskeleton? - Answers-Cytoskelton are made up of
a protein molecule called actin.
What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy? - Answers-Potential
energy is relative to its environment, it is stored energy in an object, while Kinetic
energy is relative to other moving or stationary objects in its environment
State the principle of conservation of energy. - Answers-Energy cannot be created or
destroyed
Is chemical energy considered kinetic or potential energy? - Answers-potential energy
, What does ATP stand for? - Answers-adenosine triphosphate
What function does ATP serve inside cells? - Answers-It functions as the energy source
for all cells
Describe energy coupling. - Answers-It is transfer of energy from catabolism to
anabolism, or it can also be the transfer of energy from exergonic process to endergonic
process.
What is the function of an enzyme? - Answers-To aid in the speed of almost all chemical
reactions that take place in the cells, specifically an example is digestion
What is a substrate? - Answers-The surface that an organism lives and grows on.
What is an active site? - Answers-a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other
substance during a reaction.
What is diffusion? - Answers-The spontaneous movement of particles of any kind down
a concentration gradient, that is movement of particles from where they are more
concentrated to where they are less concentrated.
Give an example of diffusion. - Answers-Perfume sprayed in one part of the room that is
then diffused to the other portions of the room.
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? - Answers-Assembles proteins and
lipids, and transports
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus? - Answers-The golgi apparatus acts to
process and package the macro molecules such as proteins and lipids
What is the function of the lysosomes? - Answers-The function of the lysosomes are to
remove wast and destroy dead cells.
What is the function of chloroplasts? - Answers-To make food through photosynthesis,
and contains chlorophyll
What is the function of the mitochondria? - Answers-produce ATP
What is osmosis? - Answers-diffusion of water across a selectively permeable
membrane
If an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what happens to the cell? - Answers-It
would rapidly gain water because osmosis would cause the water to move to the area
with more solutes.
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