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Exam 4: BSC2086/ BSC 2086 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Anatomy and Physiology II Complete Guide | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers) $10.99   Add to cart
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Exam 4: BSC2086/ BSC 2086 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Anatomy and Physiology II Complete Guide | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers)
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Exam 4: BSC2086/ BSC 2086 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Anatomy and Physiology II Complete Guide | Qs & As| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers) Q: Plicae circulares Answer: folds of the small intestine wall Q: The Submucosa Answer: •Is a layer of dense irregular connective tis...

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 56
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bsc
  • bsc2086bsc 2086bsc2086 bsc 2086 final exam
  • bsc2086bsc 2086bsc2086 bsc 2086 exam
  • bsc2086bsc 2086bsc2086 bsc 2086 exam 1
  • bsc2086bsc 2086bsc2086 bsc 2086 exam 2
  • bsc2086bsc 2086bsc2086 bsc 2086 exam 3

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Examl4:lBSC2086/lBSCl2086lAnatomylandl
PhysiologylIIlCompletelGuidel|lQsl&lAs|l
100%lCorrect|lGradelAl(VerifiedlAnswers)

Q:lPlicaelcirculares
Answer:
foldsloflthelsmalllintestinelwall

Q:lThelSubmucosa
Answer:
•Islallayerlofldenselirregularlconnectiveltissue
•Surroundslmuscularislmucosae,lbindslitltolthelmuscularislexterna
•Hasllargelbloodlvesselslandllymphaticlvessels
•Maylcontainlexocrinelglands:lsecretelbufferslandlenzymeslintoldigestiveltract
•SubmucosallPlexus

Q:lSubmucosallPlexus
Answer:
•AlsolcalledlMeissner'slplexus
•Intrinsiclnervelfiberslthatlinnervateslthelmucosalandlsubmucosa
•Containslsensorylneurons,lparasympatheticlganglioniclneurons,landlsympatheticlpostganglionic
lfibers

Q:lThelMuscularislExterna
Answer:
•Isldominatedlbylsmoothlmusclelcells:linnerlcircularllayerlandlouterllongitudinalllayer
•Involvedlinlmechanicallprocessinglandlmovementloflmaterialslalongldigestiveltract
•Movementslcoordinatedlbylentericlnervouslsysteml(ENS)

Q:lEntericlnervouslsysteml(ENS)
Answer:

,•Coordinateslmovementloflmuscularislexternalofltheldigestiveltract
•InnervatedlprimarilylbylparasympatheticldivisionloflANS

Q:lMyentericlplexus
Answer:
•Locatedlbetweenlcircularlandllongitudinalllayers
•Parasympatheticlstimulationlincreaseslmuscleltone/activity
•Sympatheticlstimulationlcauseslmuscularlinhibition/relaxation

Q:lThelSerosa
Answer:
•Serouslmembranelcoveringlmuscularislexternal(exceptlinlorallcavity,lpharynx,lesophagus,landl
rectum)
•Whereladventitialfirmlylattachesltheldigestiveltractltoladjacentlstructures

Q:lTheladventita
Answer:
•Aldenselsheathloflcollagenlfiberslinlthelserosa
•Attachesltheldigestiveltractltoladjacentlstructures

Q:lMovementloflDigestivelMaterialslBy...
Answer:
Muscularllayerslofldigestiveltract
•Consistloflviscerallsmoothlmuscleltissuelalongldigestiveltract:lhaslrhythmiclcyclesloflactivitylc
ontrolledlbylpacesetterlcells
•Cellslundergolspontaneousldepolarization,ltriggeringlwaveloflcontractionlthroughlentirelmuscu
larlsheet

Q:lPacesetterlcells
Answer:
locatedlinlmuscularislmucosaelandlmuscularislexterna

Q:lPeristalsis
Answer:
•Consistsloflwavesloflmuscularlcontractions

,•Moveslalboluslalonglthellengthlofltheldigestiveltract

Q:lBolus
Answer:
alsmalllroundedlmassloflalsubstance,lespeciallyloflchewedlfoodlatlthelmomentloflswallowing

Q:lPeristalticlMotion
Answer:
1.lCircularlmuscleslcontractlbehindlboluslwhilelcircularlmuscleslaheadloflboluslrelax
2.lLongitudinallmuscleslaheadloflboluslcontract,lshorteningladjacentlsegments
3.lWaveloflcontractionlinlcircularlmuscles,lforceslboluslforward

Q:lSegmentation
Answer:
•Occurslinlmostlareasloflsmalllintestinelandlsomelareaslofllargelintestine
•Cyclesloflcontractionlchurnlandlfragmentlthelboluslandlmixlcontentslwithlintestinallsecretions
•Doeslnotlfollowlalsetlpatternlandldoeslnotlpushlmaterialslinlanyloneldirection

Q:lControlloflDigestivelFunctions
Answer:
locallfactors,lneurallmechanisms,landlhormonallmechanisms

Q:lLocallfactorslaffectingldigestivelfunctions
Answer:
•Prostaglandins,lhistamine,landlotherlchemicalslreleasedlintolinterstitiallfluid:lmaylaffectladjace
ntlcellslwithinlsmalllsegmentlofldigestiveltractl(ex.lhistaminelreleaselatllaminalproprialcauseslin
creaselinlstomachlacidlrelease)
•Coordinatelresponseltolchanginglconditions:lforlexample,lvariationslinllocallpH,lchemical,lorlp
hysicallstimulil(intestinelwalllstretchinglcausesllocallcontraction)
•Affectlonlylalportionlofltract

Q:lNeurallmechanismslaffectingldigestivelfunctions
Answer:
Motorlneuronsllocatedlinlmyentericlplexuslcontrol:
•Shortlreflexes

, •Longlreflexes

Q:lShortlreflexesl(ENS)
Answer:
•Responsiblelforllocallreflexes
•OperatelentirelyloutsideloflCNSlcontrol
•Controllperistalsislandlglandularlsecretionl(secretorylfunctions)

Q:lLonglreflexes
Answer:
CNSlcontrollofldigestivelandlglandularlactivitieslinvolvinglCNSlinterneuronsl&lmotorlneurons,
lmaylinvolvelparasymp.lFiberslthatlsynapselontolmyentericlplexus,lcontrolsllarge-
scalelperistalticlwaves.

Q:lHormonallmechanismslaffectingldigestivelfunctions
Answer:
•Atlleastl18lpeptidelhormoneslthatlaffectlmostlaspectslofldigestivelfunctionlandlactivitieslofloth
erlsystems
•Arelproducedlbylenteroendocrinelcellslinldigestiveltract
•Reachltargetlorganslafterldistributionlinlbloodstream

Q:lFunctionsloflthelOrallCavity
Answer:
1.lSensorylanalysisloflmateriallbeforelswallowing
2.lMechanicallprocessinglthroughlactionsloflteeth,ltongue,landlpalatallsurfaces
3.lLubricationl-lmixinglwithlmucuslandlsalivarylglandlsecretions
4.lLimitedldigestionloflcarbohydratesl(salivarylamylase)landllipidsl(lingualllipase)

Q:lThelTongue
Answer:
Manipulateslmaterialslinsidelmouth

Q:lFunctionslofltheltongue
Answer:
1.lMechanicallprocessinglbylcompression,labrasion,landldistortion

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