PHAR 100 – Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
Key historical influences to pharmacology - Answer--Civilizations: Greece, Egypt, China
-Poison: Curare, Ergot
-Religion
Why was zinc oxide an important compound - Answer-currently found in topical creams (i.e.
calamine)
What did ancient greece,...
Explain ED50 - Answer✔✔-The dose that gives 50% of max. response
What are factors that contribute to the removal of the drug from the body - Answer✔✔-
Excretion: kidney (80%+ of drugs), must be water soluble (conversion needed)
Biotransformation in liver, metabolism, feces (GI tract), saliva, sweat, milk,
Define efficacy - Answer✔✔-the max pharmacological response that can be produced by a
specific drug in that bio system
Define potency - Answer✔✔-The dose of a drug required to produce a certain response (usually
50% of max)
Define therapeutic range - Answer✔✔-range of doses that keep [blood] of a drug above the
[minimum] to produce desirable response, but below the [toxic response]
What are the 4 major processes of pharmacokinetics - Answer✔✔-1-absorption
2-distribution
3-metabolism
4-excretion
Name 3 general main routes of administration - Answer✔✔-1. Topical
2. Enteral admin (enter blood through GI tract)
3. Parental admin (injected into bloodstream)
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