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Anatomy Week 4, 5, & 6 (first half) -- Practical 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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Anatomy Week 4, 5, & 6 (first half) -- Practical 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
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Anatomy Week 4, 5, & 6 (first half) -- Practical 1 QuestionsWith Complete Solutions
*Allows for communication b/w neck and upper limbs
*Bounded posteriorly by T1, posterolaterally by 1st rib and
anteriorly by manubrium
*Contains trachea (not bifurcated), esophagus, and, nerves and
vessels that supply/drain the head, neck and upper limbs
Correct Answer Superior thoracic aperture
*Anterior to the arch of the aorta & Brachiocephalic veins
*Located at T2-T4 vertebral level Correct Answer Manubrium
*Articulates with clavicle
--saddle type synovial joint Correct Answer Clavicular notch
*Articulates with costal cartilage of ribs 2-7
--via synovial plane joints
*Located at T5-T9 vertebral levels Correct Answer Body of the
sternum
*Costal notch where the first rib articulates with the manubrium
Correct Answer Primary cartilaginous joint
*Indicates the inferior limit of the thoracic cavity
--site of infrasternal angle ("subcostal angle")
*Indicates superior limit of the liver, central tendon of the
diaphragm and inferior border of the heart
*Located at T10 vertebral level Correct Answer Xyphoid
*Ring-like origin of the diaphragm
,*Bound posteriorly by T12, posterolaterally by the 11th & 12th
ribs, anteriorly by the 7-10 costal cartilages, and xiphisternal
joint
*Esophagus & IVC traverse the diaphragm while the aorta goes
posteriorly Correct Answer Inferior thoracic aperture
*Secondary cartilaginous joint, 2nd rib articulation
*Forms the Angle of Louis (Sternal angle)
*Located at T4-T5 vertebral level Correct Answer
Manubriosternal Joint
*Superior notch of the manubrium Correct Answer Jugular
notch
A form of spondylolisthesis that is arises due to the less tightly
locked vertebrae therefore require less force and experience
"facet-jumping" Correct Answer Cervical Vertebrae
Dislocation
Absent pull of rhomboids or trapezius due to Cn XI or dorsal
scapular nerve palsy Correct Answer Lateral Scapular Winging
Absent pull of the serratus anterior due to long thoracic nerve
palsy Correct Answer Medial Scapular Winging
Afferent (Sensory) Pathway Correct Answer Dorsal/Ventral
rami -> nerve -> dorsal root ganglion (DRG) -> dorsal root ->
dorsal rootlets -> dorsal horn
--DRG composed of pseudounipolar neurons
, Atypical Ribs Correct Answer Ribs 1 , 2 , 10-12
Axillary Nerve Correct Answer Motor in. -> Deltoid and teres
minor
Sensory in. -> Skin over upper and lateral arm, glenohumeral
joint
Spinal Segments -> C5, C6
Compression of the brachial plexus results in what? Causes?
Correct Answer Thoracic outlet syndrome, resulting in sensory
and motor deficits of the upper extremity
--Usually caused by abnormalities of the cervical ribs or
hypertrophy of the scalene muscles
Condition in which fluid is present in the pleural cavity? How is
this treated? Correct Answer Pleural effusion
Treated with a thoracentesis at the 9th intercostal space
midaxillary line
--this is becasue the lungs end at the 8th rib
Condition in which the lung is collapsed due to an air filled
pleural cavity? How is this treated? Correct Answer
Pneumothorax
Treated with a thoracostomy at the 4th intercostal space
midaxillary
Degenerative changes to the intervertebral disc or development
of osteophytes (bone spurs), occurs naturally with age Correct
Answer Lumber Spondylosis
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