OST 575 - Exam #2 Questions And Correct
Answers --> Parasites 1&2
What is the key symptom of a giardiasis (giardia intestinalis) infection? - answerBorborygmi
What is the infectious form of Giardia that is usually ingested in contaminated water? What is
the infectious dose of Giardia? - answ...
What is the key symptom of a giardiasis (giardia intestinalis) infection? - answer✔Borborygmi
What is the infectious form of Giardia that is usually ingested in contaminated water? What is
the infectious dose of Giardia? - answer✔Cysts
*infectious dose is SMALL < 10 cysts*
What is the replicating form of Giardia that "graze" on proximal small intestine, as commensals,
and reproduce by binary fission? - answer✔Trophozoites
How can the cysts from Giardia be eradicated from contaminated water? - answer✔boiling
disinfection
filtration
What is the clinical presentation of Giardia infection? - answer✔onset 1-2 weeks after infection
*borborygmi*
Bloating, flatulence COMMON
Nausea
malaise
--> *usually self limiting*
Who is usually affected by Giardia? - answer✔daycare center outbreaks
illness in international travelers
backpackers and campers
immunocompromised
How is Giardia diagnosed? - answer✔Stool exam (cysts, trophozoites)
What is the treatment of Giardia? - answer✔*tinidazole is first line* BUT
metronidazole is cheaper and more commonly used
What must be avoided after treatment of a Giardia infection? - answer✔avoid lactose containing
foods for at least a month
What is the main symptom caused by an Amebiasis (entamoeba histolytica) infection? -
answer✔Dysentery
How is Entamoeba histolytica transmitted? What is the infectious dose? - answer✔cysts in feces
via food (food handlers, "night soil"), water, oral/anal sex
*ONLY TAKES ONE CYST TO CAUSE DISEASE*
Where do the Trophozoites of Entamoeba Histolytica reside in the human GI tract? -
answer✔reside in colon and multiply there
What is the process called where the trophozoite from Entamoeba Histolytica is able to kill both
epithelial cells and inflammatory cells? - answer✔Trogocytosis (vicious cycle of decreased
leptin levels = malnutrition)
What are the symptoms of a Entamoeba Histolytica infection? - answer✔incubation period: 1-4
weeks
*most infections are asymptomatic*
DYSENTERY
anorexia, weight loss
2/3 are febrile
Who does Entamoeba Histolytica normally affect? - answer✔high risk in developing countries:
travelers, recent immigrants, homosexual men, prison inmates
*man is primary reservoir*
What are the ways to diagnose Entamoeba Histolytica? - answer✔Serology (of dysentery, Abs
will be present)
Stool examination (less sensitive than serology)
Stool Antigen detection (quick and easy)
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