OST 575 - Exam #2 --> Lower GI pharmacology Questions And Correct Answers
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Course
OST 575
Institution
OST 575
OST 575 - Exam #2 --> Lower GI
pharmacology Questions And Correct
Answers
What is the MOA of Metoclopramide? - answerantagonist at dopamine receptors
*enhances effects of ACh at smooth muscle in GI tract*
What effect does Metoclopramide have by blocking dopamine receptors in the chemorecept...
OST 575 - Exam #2 --> Lower GI
pharmacology Questions And Correct
Answers
What is the MOA of Metoclopramide? - answer✔antagonist at dopamine receptors
*enhances effects of ACh at smooth muscle in GI tract*
What effect does Metoclopramide have by blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor
trigger zone of the area postrema? - answer✔produces *antiemetic* action
What are the adverse effects of Metoclopramide? - answer✔Nervousness
Drowsiness
Dystonic reactions--> *parkisonian like actions*
Breast tenderness and galactorrhea
Why does metoclopramide cause breast tenderness and galactorrhea in women? - answer✔blocks
effects of dopamine which normally blocks effects of Prolactin
What are the clinical uses of metoclopramide? - answer✔GERD and esophagitis
Anti-emetic
gastroparesis
What are the anti-diarrheal drugs? - answer✔Opiates
Loperamide
Diphenoxylate with atropin
Kaolin and Pectin
What is the MOA of opiates for anti-diarrheal drugs? - answer✔opiates CAUSE constipation
*increase tone of GI smooth muscle and decrease peristaltic movement*
What are adverse effects of Loperamide (Imodium)? - answer✔constipation
Toxic megacolon
What are the clinical uses of Loperamide (Imodium)? - answer✔acute non-specific diarrhea
chronic diarrhea associated with IBD
What is the MOA of Diphenoxylate + Atropine (Lomotil)? - answer✔produces morphine like
subjective effects (decreased GI motility)
*atropine decreases likelihood of abuse*
When must use of Diphenoxylate + Atropine (Lomotil) be avoided for treating diarrhea? -
answer✔avoided if diarrhea caused by *toxic substances*
What is Kaolin? - answer✔Hydrated aluminium trisilicate
What is Pectin? - answer✔Purified carbohydrate from rind of citrus or apples
What are the Anti-spasmodics and what is the MOA? - answer✔Dicyclomine (Bentyl) and
Hyoscyamine (Levsin)
*MOA = Muscarinic antagonists which decrease GI motility and spasm*
What are some drugs that can cause diarrhea? - answer✔Anti-microbial's (broad spectrum like
tetracycline)
CHolinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors
*Metoclopramide*
What does a Cathartic do? Laxative? - answer✔Cathartic = produces prompt, fluid evacuation
laxative = produces soft, formed stool over longer period of time
What laxatives cause watery stool in 2-6 hrs? - answer✔Magnesium laxatives
*castor oil*
PEG
What laxatives are pro kinetic ones (act primarily on motility)? - answer✔5-HT4 receptor
agonists
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